禄炉鹿陇脭-脌铆赂麓脧掳脨隆陆谩.docVIP

禄炉鹿陇脭-脌铆赂麓脧掳脨隆陆谩 化工原理总结 流体流动–––基本概念与基本原理 一、流体静力学基本方程式 p,p，,g(z,z)2112 或 p,p，,gh0 注意:1、应用条件:静止的连通着的同一种连续的流体。 2、压强的表示方法:绝压—大气压=表压 表压常由压强表来测量; 大气压—绝压=真空度 真空度常由真空表来测量。 3、压强单位的换算: 2 1atm=760mmHg=10.33mHO=101.33kPa=1.033kgf/cm=1.033at 2 4、应用:水平管路上两点间压强差与U型管压差计读数R的关系: p,p,(,,,)gR12A 处于同一水平面的液体，维持等压面的条件必须时静止、连续和同一种液体。 二、定态流动系统的连续性方程式––––物料衡算式 ,,常数,w,uA,,uA,,？？,uA,,常数 As111222 ,,常数,V,uA,uA,？？,uA,常数 As1122 22 ,,常数,圆形管中流动u/u,A/A,d/d122121A 三、定态流动的柏努利方程式––––能量衡算式 22pupu11221kg流体: [J/kg] ，，，,，，，,gZWegZhf12,,22 讨论点:1、流体的流动满足连续性假设。 2、理想流体，无外功输入时，机械能守恒式: 22pupu1122gZgZ，，,，，12,,22 the piping installation (1) the conditions of piping before installation a. of civil or steel and pipe installation works have been inspected, meet the installation requirement, as dealt with in the transfer procedure; B. connect to pipe device is looking for qualified, finished fixed; C. internal cleanliness has been checked, have special requirements for pipe shall conform to the design of pipelines the quality documentation requirements; D. Design need to be modified and holes on the pipeline should be completed prior to installation. 1.3.6 Installing (1) flange connections pipelines installation a. with piping connected to the device, flange connection, additional stress is not allowed, nozzles apply a thin steel or asbestos for isolation; B. non-metallic pipes when pipe installation above, measures should be taken to protect, prevent quilts from damaging; C. when the valve is installed, should pay attention to the direction and flow marking is consistent; D. flange sealing surfaces should be smooth, if the seal is damaged, shall be amended or replaced when bolt, flange concentricity and parallelism should be maintained, ensure that the gasket evenly. (2) design of threaded pipe installation if there is a threaded pipe, concrete methods for the construction of construction should be strictly according to the corresponding specifications. (3) the steam tube installation a. with heat pipe sh