张学亮非谓语动词.ppt

高中英语的重头戏;判断下列句子中哪些是谓语动词？哪些是非谓语动词？ He wanted to see a film. He picked up a book and pretended to be reading. Seen from the hill, our school is very beautiful. He had his hair cut. He remembers reading the book somewhere.;非谓语动词;非谓语动词;复习动词时态的基本形式;非谓语动词的时态和语态形式;动名词和现在分词的时态、语态形式;谓语动词的时态与非谓语动词的时态有何区别？;那么，非谓语动词是以什么为参照点呢？; 不定式的时态意义; -Ing形式的时态意义;过去分词的意义;例：1. I don’t know whether you happen ________,that I will study in America in September. (辽宁卷) A. to be heard??????????????????????? B. to be hearing C. to hear????????????????????????????? D. to have heard??????????????????????? 【分析】答案选D。hear发生在谓语don’t know之前，用不定式的完成式。句意是：我不知道你是否碰巧听说过了，今年九月我要去美国学习。;2. The old man, ________ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. (江苏卷) A. to work???????????????????????????? B. working C. to have worked????????????????? D. having worked???????? 【分析】答案选D。work发生在谓语(返回祖国)之前，用现在分词的完成式作状语，表示时间，相当于after he has worked abroad…不定式作状语不能表示时间。;“We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob, ________ out of the window. (四川卷) A looking B. to look C. looked D. having looking 【分析】答案选A。looking out of the window与谓语动词said同时发生，用现在分词的一般式作状语，表示伴随情况，一边看，一边说。D的形式错误，如果改作having looked也是可以的，表示“先看再说”。;谓语动词的语态与非谓语动词的语态有何区别？;那么，谁是非谓语动词的逻辑主语呢？;Little Jim should love ________ to the theatre this evening. (全国卷) A. to be taken??????B. to take C. being taken?????D. Taking 【分析】答案选A。句子主语Little Jim与take是被动关系，“被带去看戏”发生在“想(should love=want)”后，所以用不定式的被动式作宾语。说明：①动词不定式用主动形式表被动含义的情况：在作表语或宾补的形容词后用作状语时；作定语修饰have, there be, this / that / these / those be等后面的名词或代词时；作表语的to blame等。如：1. The text is difficult to learn. 这篇课文很难学。(to learn主动表被动)2. We found the text difficult to learn. 我们觉得这篇课文很难学。(to learn主动表被动)3. He was to blame for that. 他因此受到了责备。(作表语的to blame主动表被动);There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ________ road conditions need ________. (上海卷) A. that; to be improved??????????? B. which; to be improved C. where; improving??????????