质量控制外文翻译.pdfVIP

Quality control refers to the process, most often implemented in manufacturing, of monitoring the quality of finished products through statistical measures and an overall corporate commitment to producing defect-free products. Quality control principles can also be utilized in service industries. The term quality control came into common use in the 1950s thanks to W. Edward Deming, whose Fourteen Points have become the bible for quality control proponents. With the post-war world returning to normal manufacturing patterns, Deming preached that inspecting products for quality after they were manufactured was unacceptable. Instead, he proposed a process known as statistical quality control that would use closely monitored performance measures to gauge quality as a product was being manufactured. The goal of statistical quality control was to gather data that would allow for the constant improvement of manufacturing processes, which would in turn improve quality control. Introducing such statistical controls could be expensive, but Deming argued that instituting quality measures ultimately saved companies money. Another important tenet of Demings beliefs was that upper management was largely to blame for quality failures. He firmly believed that, given the right tools and working environment, workers would strive to create the highest quality products possible. In Demings own words, the basic cause of sickness in American industry and resulting unemployment is failure of top management to manage. He believed that strong leadership led to an inspired work force that did not fear management and did not fear taking chances when seeking ways to improve quality. If strong leadership is the buzzword for managers in a quality environment, then empowerment is the key concept for workers in Demings system. Improved education and training are the key factors in reaching employees and making them believe that their increased participa