恙虫病及嚢虫病全英班讲稿.pptxVIP

恙虫病及嚢虫病全英班讲稿会计学第1页/共52页DefinitionAcute febrile（发热性的） infectiousdiseaseCaused by Rickettsia tsutsugamushi (恙虫病立克次体）Transmitted by the bite of chiggers（恙螨）第2页/共52页DefinitionSource of infection: RatsCharacterized by fever, eschar（焦痂）, rash, and lymphadenopathy第3页/共52页EtiologyIntracellular organism Propagated in mice, some cellsAntigenically diverse（多样的） microorganismCommon antigen with Proteus（变形杆菌） OX-KLow resistance 第4页/共52页Epidemiology▲ Source of infection: Rats▲ Vector: Mite（螨） The life cycle: ovum, larva, pupa, naiad and imagoOnly its larva (chigger) feeding on humansThe life cycle of mite第5页/共52页Imagonaiadovum (卵)(遗传、传染)第二代pupa larva (幼虫)biteratratlarvapupa (蛹)第一代ovumImago(成虫)naiad (稚虫)第6页/共52页EpidemiologyProliferate in warm, wet environmentsBoth a vector and a reservoir▲ Route of transmission: bite of chigger▲ Susceptibility: universal ▲ Immunity: long-lasting immunity against the homologous（同源的） strains; Partial immunity against the other heterologous（异源的） strains 第7页/共52页Epidemiology▲ Other epidemiological features:Geographic distribution: Asian-pacific regionSporadicSeasonal distribution: rainy seasons between May and November第8页/共52页 Pathogenesis mite local siterickettsia human bodyescharRickettsemia（立克次体血症）ratsVasculitis（血管炎）第9页/共52页 PathologyBasic lesion: inflammation of the walls of the small blood vesselsPathologic findings: eschar, lymphadenopathy, rash, enlargement of spleen and liverSerious pathologic manifestations: myocarditis, meningoencephalitis, pneumonia, interstitial nephritis第10页/共52页Clinical manifestations Incubation period: 4～21 daysSudden onset, High fever: remittent fever （弛张热） accompanied by chill, headache, malaise (不适), prostration （疲惫）, poor appetite.第11页/共52页Clinical manifestations Signs of multiorgan damage: Meningoencephalitis: delirium (谵妄), convulsion（抽搐）, coma, and neck stiffness. Interstitial (间质性) pneumonia: cough, chest pain, breathlessness.第12页/共52页Clinical manifestations Signs of