初中定语从句知识点详解.docx

初中定语从句知识点详解 定语从句考点：①各个关系代词和关系副词的区别及其在从句中做什么成分 ②只用that 的情况 ③只用which 的情况知识点总结： 一、各个关系代词和关系副词的区别及具体用法： (一)、1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如： The person who broke the window must pay for it. The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever. whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，若前面有介词，则不可省略，也不能用 that， 例如： Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come. The man to whom our teacher is speaking is from Canada. whose 指人，也可指物（拟人化的物），意思是“谁的”，在定语从句中作定语。例如： The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. I know the boy whose father is a professor. I live in a house whose windows face the south. which 指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如： A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday. that 多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，做宾语时可以省略。例如： I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news. Who is the boy that/whom I saw this morning when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如： I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm. He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如： This is the house where we lived last year. The factory where his father works is in the east of the city. why 指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语： I don’t know the reason why he looks sad today. （二）关系代词和冠词副词引导的从句有什么区别 关键点：1、关系副词在从句中是做状语，记住，只做状语，不能做其他的成分。 2、关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换。 如：the reason why he refused the invitation is clear.=The reason for which he refused the invitation is clear. Great changes have taken place in the city where I was born.=Treat changes have taken place in the city in which I was born. The time when we got tegether finally came.=The time in which we got together finally came. 样板题一： 1、He has forgotten the day he arrived. A. when B. where C. that D. which 解题思路：此题中，从句是 he arrived，它已经是一个完整的句子，因此，这里要填一个在从句中充当状语的成分，C 选项和D 选项都不能做在从句中作状语，因此排除掉，the day 指的是时间，因此，要填上表示时间的关系副词when。 练习题： 1、The moon is a world there is no life. that B. which C. where D. why 2、Nobody knows the reason she didn’t come to the meeting. A. that B. w