细胞生物学课件.pptxVIP

细胞核;The nuclear envelope;;;Process of Nuclear Import;;;;centromere-kinetochore complex ;centromere DNA(FISH image);;;;;;;;;;;How a nucleolus is organized;nucleolar orgnizing regions NORs;核糖体的组成;Protein Synthesis;细胞信号转导;;;;;;;;;;;;;Figure 3-73 Molecular Biology of the Cell (? Garland Science 2008);;;;Intracellular receptors （Steroid hormone receptors）;;;;;Cell surface receptors;;;;;;;;;;;Glycogen breakdown in skeletal muscle;;;;Guanylate cyclase;Regulation of contractility of arterial smooth muscle by NO and cGMP;1998年R．Furchgott等三位美国科学家因对NO信号转导机制的研究而获得诺贝尔生理和医学奖。;Figure 15-53a Molecular Biology of the Cell (? Garland Science 2008);Figure 15-53b Molecular Biology of the Cell (? Garland Science 2008);Figure 15-54 Molecular Biology of the Cell (? Garland Science 2008);;Figure 15-69 Molecular Biology of the Cell (? Garland Science 2008);;;;;;;;;Figure 15-56 Molecular Biology of the Cell (? Garland Science 2008);Figure 15-57 Molecular Biology of the Cell (? Garland Science 2008);Figure 15-58 Molecular Biology of the Cell (? Garland Science 2008);Figure 15-66 Molecular Biology of the Cell (? Garland Science 2008);Gene transcription Cell proliferation Cell survival Cell death Cell differentiation Cell function Cell motility Immune responses;;细胞增殖调控;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;MPF, the maturation-promoting factor;MPF activity;;;;the discovery of cdc mutants of fission yeast;;the discovery of Cyclin and the the activity levels  of MPF during the early embryonic cell cycle;;;;;;;;the regulation of the CDK kinase activity:a, by Cyclins accumulation and destruction;;;;;;;;;;;CDK activating;;;;;The ubiquitin pathway. ? Free ubiquitin (Ub) is activated in an ATP-dependent manner by the activity of a ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), which hydrolyses ATP and forms a complex with ubiquitin. Subsequently, ubiquitin is transferred to one of many distinct ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s). In some reactions, E2s can directly ubiquitylate substrates