早期膝骨性关节炎近红外光学检测系统.docxVIP

摘要 PAGE I 摘要 PAGE 48 摘 要 膝骨性关节炎（knee osteoarthritis，KOA）是一种多见于中老年人的骨关节病，它导致的痛苦和残疾严重地影响患者的生活质量。目前，常规的影像学方法，如X线平片，难以实现早期KOA的日常检测。近红外光谱（Near Infrared Spectroscopy, NIRS）技术可实现对早期OA软骨成分含量变化的检测。本文旨在研究出一套安全、无创、低成本、能对早期KOA进行实时在体检测的系统。 首先，本文跟踪了NIRS技术的发展和应用现状，以修正朗伯-比尔定律为基本原理，构建了膝关节软骨水含量的计算模型。 接着，用Videman造模法获得家兔KOA模型，研究了不同OA阶段近红外光谱的变化情况，结合光子在膝关节内传播路径的蒙特卡洛（monte carlo，MC）模拟结果，设计了传感探头。设计的KOA检测系统包括传感结构，硬件电路和软件模块。反射式传感探头采用两个不同波长 LED 作为光源。 最后，对系统进行空载测试和简单受光测试，验证系统的稳定性。选择10名志愿者，测量其左右膝关节，测得结果与理论推导结果相吻合，为后续实际检测结果的判定提供初步依据。 关键词：膝骨性关节炎；近红外光谱技术；关节软骨 ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis (OA) is a kind of chronic joint diseases that is common in elderly people. It causes pains and disabilities which would seriously affect the sufferers’ life. At present, the conventional imaging methods, such as X-ray, are difficult to fulfill early OA detection daily. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can detect concentration changes of articular cartilage in early OA lesion. The purpose of this paper is to develop a set of safe, noninvasive, low cost system that can realize early KOA detection real-time and in vivo. Firstly, the development and application status of NIRS were tracked in this paper. The calculation model of water content of cartilage in knee joint was built on the basis of modified Lambert-Beer law. Secondly, rabbit KOA models were obtained with mechanical method. The changes of near infrared spectrum were studied in its OA lesions. Monte carlo (MC) simulation result of the photon propagation path in the knee joint was discussed. Sensing probe was designed. The KOA detection system includes a sensor probe, hardware circuits and software modules. The sensor probe equips with 2 different wavelength LED. Finally，no-load test and simple light test were carried out to verify the stability of the system. Left and right knee joints of 10 volunteers were measured. The measured result was con sistent with theoretical derivation result, which provides preliminary basis for judgment of subseque