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会计学1PerinatalHepatitisBPreventionProgramTXDepartmentof围产期乙型肝炎预防programtx部
05/11/2010Pathways for Transmission to Infants of Hepatitis B Virus Infection//?///PrenatalPerinatalPostnatal第1页/共47页
05/11/2010Rates of Symptomatic and Chronic HBV Infection by Age at InfectionAge at infectionAcute HBV(symptomatic)Chronic HBV 1 year 1 %90%1 – 5 years5 – 15%25 - 50%5 years20 – 50%6 – 10%McMahon BJ J Infect Dis 1985;151:599Edmonds WJ Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sc 1993; 253:197Hyams KC. Clin Infect Dis 1995;20:992第2页/共47页
What is immunoprophylaxis ? A form of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) using hepatitis B vaccine and high titer hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) to prevent perinatal and postnatal transmission of hepatitis B virus infectionHepatitis B infection has a long incubation period* between exposure and disease; provides “window” for protecting against infection 05/11/2010*90 days [range 60-150 days]第3页/共47页
05/11/2010Risk of Perinatal HBV Transmission Varies by Degree of Virus Replication amongPregnant Women with Chronic InfectionHBsAg = Hepatitis B surface antigen, marker of acute or chronic infection (infectious)HBeAg =Hepatitis B e antigen, marker of high level active HBV replication (highly infectious)Serostatus of Mother % Infants InfectedHBsAgPositivePositiveHBeAgPositiveNegative70% - 90% Highest risk 5% - 20% Lower risk第4页/共47页
05/11/2010OverviewACIP recommendations for immunoprophylaxis to prevent perinatal hepatitis B infectionHepatitis B vaccines for infantsSafetyEfficacy with and without HBIGEfficacy in preterm infantsRevaccinating non-responders第5页/共47页
05/11/2010Case Management toPrevent Perinatal HBV Infection-1(Post-exposure Prophylaxis-PEP) Identify all HBsAg-positive women and case manage their infantsEnsure their infants receive hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG ≤ 12 hours of birthSituation A-Highest Risk Infants第6页/共47页
05/11/2010Case Management toPrevent Perinatal HBV Infection-2(Post-exposure Prophylaxis-PEP) Complete the recommended prima
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