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Theoretical Approaches to Second Language LearningDifferences in Learning L1 L2BehaviorismInnatismInformation ProcessingConnectionismThe Interactionist Position2023/1/191
Differences in Learning L1 L2A child or adult learning a second language is different from a child acquiring a first language in terms of both 1) learner characteristics and 2) learning conditions2023/1/192
Differences in Learning L1 L2Learner Characteristics1. Knowledge of another language2. Cognitive maturity3. Metalinguistic awareness4. Knowledge of the world5. Nervousness about speakingL1L2childchildadolescent(formal)adult-?++-?++-?++-?++--++2023/1/193
Differences in Learning L1 L2Learning Conditions6. Freedom to be silent7. Ample time contact8. Corrective feedback: (form) grammar and pronunciation9. Corrective feedback: (meaning) word choice10. Modified inputL1L2childchildadolescent(formal)adult++--++-?--+-++++++++2023/1/194
Differences in Learning L1 L2Summary: SLA (Second Language Acquisition) theories need to account for language acquisition by learners with a variety of characteristics and learning in a variety of contexts. 2023/1/195
Theoretical Approaches to Language Acquisition Behaviorism Innatism InteractionismImportant Characteristics:-?????Imitation-?????Practice????? -?????Reinforcement-?????Habit-formation?Application to SLA:-????CAH (contrastive analysis hypothesis)?Focus on the linguistic aspects of:-???????? Vocabulary -???????? grammatical morphemes -???????? pronunciation?Important Characteristics:-????LAD (language acquisition device)-????UG (universal grammar)-????CPH (critical period hypothesis)?Application to SLA:-????Krashen’s monitor model1)????? acquisition – learning hypothesis2)????? monitor hypothesis3)????? natural order hypothesis4)????? input hypothesis ( i +1 )5)????? affective filter hypothesis-???????? Information processing1)????? attention-processing (noticing) 2)????? restructuring-???????? Connectionism?? - m
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