大学英语六级阅读训练11.docxVIP

2019 年 6 月大学英语六级阅读训练：11 Feminist sociolinguists( 社会语言学家),over the course of the last few decades,have conducted studies that they believe support the conclusion that women are routinely discriminated against in Endlish-speaking society.They point to the words used to describe women,as well as the words used to describe society as a whole,as indications that the English language ,and therefore the English-speaking culture,is slanted towards the advantage of males. The words used to describe women are used as instrument by feminist sociolinguists to denote an inherent sexism in the English language.Word pairs such as master and mistress and sir and madam,they claim ,epitomize such sexism.All of the words in question once held positive connotations but,while the masculine (男 性的)forms have retained their respectable associations,the feminine forms have undergone pejoration and now imply sexual promiscuity( 混 杂 ) and other negative characteristics.Feminist researchers assume that such pejoration indicate that the status of women in English-speaking society is relatively low. These researchers also find fault with the use of masculine words to describe unisex entities .For example ,they feel that there is nothing inherently mainly about mankind, the best man for the job,or the common man.Similarly,the use of such constructions as the the average students is worried about his grades indicate to these researchers an inherent sexism in English that is reflective of the cultures in which they are produced . Carolyn Jacobson ,author of Non-sexist Language has proposed a solution to this conundrum( 难题).She advocates the elimination of all sexed words in favor of gender-neutral terms.No longer should we refer to actors and actresses or waiters and waitresses, as such dichotomies( 男女有别 ) allow for the possibility of negative connotations being associated with the feminine designation.Likewise,she believes that phrases such as mankind should give way to hum