亲核试剂和亲电试剂.pptxVIP

亲核试剂和亲电试剂;Anions（阴离子）;Some ions (e.g. the carboxylate ion) are able to share the negative charge between two or more atoms through a process known as delocalization. In this case, the negative charge is shared between both oxygen atoms and so both of these atoms are nucleophilic centers;Cations（阳离子）;Some molecules (e.g. the allylic cation) are able to delocalize their positive charge between two or more atoms in which case all the atoms capable of sharing the charge are electrophilic centers;Polar bonds（极性键）;Relative nucleophilicity;Nucleophilic (δ-) and electrophilic (δ+) centers in neutral