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第一部分英文 Introduction The modern era of digitalization and globalization has witnessed an unprecedented growth in the amount of data being generated and consumed on a daily basis. This has led to the emergence of new technologies, such as big data, which are designed to help businesses and organizations make sense of all this data. In this paper, we will explore the concept of big data and its applications in various industries. We will also examine the challenges and opportunities presented by this technology. What is big data? Big data is a term used to describe the large and complex sets of data that are generated by humans and machines every day. This kind of data is characteristically voluminous, diverse, and generated at high velocity. A report by IBM estimated that 90% of the data that exists today was created in the last two years alone. This has made it increasingly important for organizations to find ways to capture, store, and analyze this data to extract insights and make informed decisions. Applications of big data 1. Healthcare Big data is transforming the healthcare industry by enabling doctors and researchers to identify patterns and relationships that may not have been apparent before. For example, the use of machine learning algorithms can help to identify patients who are at a higher risk of developing a particular disease based on their genealogy and medical history. Big data can also help to improve the accuracy and efficiency of medical diagnoses by giving physicians access to large and diverse datasets. 2. Retail The retail industry has been quick to adopt big data analytics to improve their operations and customer experience. Retailers can use data analysis to predict customer preferences, reduce supply chain inefficiencies, optimize pricing and promotion strategies, and manage inventory more effectively. 3. Finance Big data has revolutionized the financial industry by improving fraud detection, risk management, and asset management. For exampl