实用英语翻译-被动语态翻译.pptxVIP

被动语态的翻译;;汉英对比，英语的被动句显然多于汉语，那就是：主语+be (.各式形态变化) + 动词的过去分词式。 Peter was robbed to pay Paul. 如果说话者要指出施事者来，英语的表达方式也很简单，就是在谓语结构后面加一个由by引导的短语： Peter was robbed by him to pay Paul. 他偷了彼得的钱去还保尔的债。（“拆东墙补西墙”）;;教学内容;When the crude oil is obtained from the field, it is taken to the refineries to be treated. The commonest form of treatment is heating. When the oil is heated, the first vapors to rise are cooled and become the finest petrol. Petrol has a low boiling point; if a little is poured into the hand, it soon vaporizes. Gas that comes off the oil later is condensed into paraffin. Last of all the lubricating oils of various grades are produced. What remains is heavy oil that is used as fuel.;When the crude oil is obtained from the field, it is taken to the refineries to be treated. The commonest form of treatment is heating. When the oil is heated, the first vapors to rise are cooled and become the finest petrol. Petrol has a low boiling point; if a little is poured into the hand, it soon vaporizes. Gas that comes off the oil later is condensed into paraffin. Last of all the lubricating oils of various grades are produced. What remains is heavy oil that is used as fuel.;一、被动语态在英语中的运用 被动语态的广泛使用是英语区别于汉语的一大特点。这一特点在科技英语语体中反映得尤为突出。这不仅是因为被动结构比主动结构更少主观色彩，结构更简单，还因为有不必、不愿或无从说出施动者等情况的存在。;1、不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如： Such books are written for children. We haven’t been told about it. The English evening has been put off till Saturday. ;2、出于礼貌措辞等方面考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁。例如： You are requested to give a performance. It is generally considered not advisable to act that way.;3、无从说出施动者是谁。例如： You’re wanted on the phone. The problem is being studied. Rice is chiefly grown in the south. ;4、为了便于上下衔接。例如： He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. Jack fought John in the men’s singles last night and was beaten. ;5、为了突出谈话的中心。例如： The song was composed by a French musician. The program was designed by ourselves.;二、汉语被动意义的表达方式;;;三、翻译方法;