腹部检查 肛门腺触诊与挤压（宠物临床检查技术）.pptx

《肛门腺触诊与挤压》Anal Sac Palpation and Expression授课专业：动物医学 Outline2023/5/7《宠物临床检查技术》课件2 PURPOSETo palpate and assess the anal sacs, as well as to express their contents触诊并评估肛门囊腺，同时挤出内容物2023/5/7《宠物临床检查技术》课件3 INDICATIONS1. Anal sacs should be palpated as part of a routine physical examination in dogs, and if they are full they should be emptied触诊犬肛门囊腺视为常规理学检查之一，若囊腺是满的应清空。2023/5/7《宠物临床检查技术》课件4 2. Dogs with full or inflamed anal sacs will often “scoot” across the floor or lick at their anal region. These behaviors suggest that the anal sacs should be evaluated若狗的肛门囊腺肿胀或发炎，通常会出现肛门摩擦地面，及舔肛门区域，出现此行为时，应评估其肛门囊腺的问题。3. A mass (neoplastic or abscess) may occur in association with the anal sacs可能与肛门囊腺有关的肿块（肿瘤或溃疡）2023/5/7《宠物临床检查技术》课件5 CONTRAINDICATIONS AND WARNINGSNone无2023/5/7《宠物临床检查技术》课件6 EQUIPMENT? Latex glove橡胶手套? Lubricating jelly润滑剂? Gauze sponges纱布棉2023/5/7《宠物临床检查技术》课件7 POSITIONING AND RESTRAINTThe animal should be restrained in a standing position on a table and should be supported under the abdomen by the assistant, to prevent sitting and minimize movement.应以站姿保定动物于桌上，且由助手支撑腹部，防止坐下并减少移动。2023/5/7《宠物临床检查技术》课件8 Restraint of a dog for anal sac palpation2023/5/7《宠物临床检查技术》课件9 SPECIAL ANATOMYThe anal sacs are located at five and seven o’clock relative to the anus肛门囊腺位于肛门5点钟与7点钟方向2023/5/7《宠物临床检查技术》课件10 TECHNIQUE1. Insert a gloved and lubricated index finger into the rectum and palpate the anal region and rectum for any abnormalities.将已经戴上手套及润滑过的食指触诊肛门区域及直肠，发现是否有任何异常。2023/5/7《宠物临床检查技术》课件11 2. Identify the anal sacs at five and seven o’clock and palpate each one between the index finger inside the rectum and the thumb in the perineal region.找出位于5点与7点钟方向的肛门囊腺，并以食指在直肠内分别触诊，并以拇指在肛门周围区域触诊。2023/5/7《宠物临床检查技术》课件12 3. If the anal sacs are to be expressed, place a gauze sponge or other absorbent material over the anal sac opening at the anorectal margin and gently but firmly squeeze the anal sac from the ventral surface toward the anal sac opening until it is empty.若需挤压肛门囊腺，将纱布棉或其它可吸水的材料，置于肛