医学专业英语 词根最终.docx

人体主要器官前缀 名称 通用名 前（后）缀 形容词 ↓此列均为炎症（-iti）s 示例 心 heart cardio - cardial carditis/ cardiology 脑 brain encepholo- cerebral encephalitis/ encephalology 肺 lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmonitis/ pulmonectomy/ pulmonology 肝 liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis/ hepatobiliary/ hepatology 胃 stomach gastro- gastric gastritis/ gastrointestinal/ gastrology 胆 gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis/ cholinergic/ cholecystectomy 肠 intestine entero- intestinal enteritis/ enterectomy/ enterology 脾 spleen splen- splenic splenitis/ splenectomy/ splenology 胰 pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis/ pancreatectomy 肾 kidney nephro- renal/ nephric nephritis/ nephropathy/ nephrology 与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀 名称 通用名 前（后）缀 示例 血 blood hemo-/hemato hematology/ hemoglobin/ hematoma 血管 vessel vaso- vasopressor/ cardiovasology/ verebrovascular 静脉 vein veno- venography/ intravenous/ venoconstriction 动脉 artery arterio- arteriology/ arteriole/ arteriosclerosis 肌 muscle myo- mycology/ myositis/ myocarditis 髓 marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/ myelitis/ myeloma 神经 nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/ neuritis/ neuron 细胞 cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/ cytoma/ leukocyte 尿 urine uro-/ur- urology/ urosurgery/ urogenital 体 body somato-/some somatology/ somatopsychic/ chromosome 与数字有关的前缀 数字 前缀 示例 一（单） mono-/uni- monomer/ monoclone/ carbon monoxide/ unidirectional 二 bi-/di- bilateral/ biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide 三 tri- trilateral/ triphasic/ trigeminal nerve 四 tetra- tetramer/ tetracycline/ tetraplegia 五 penta- pentagon/ pentachromic/ pentachloride 六 hexa- hexachromic/ benzene hexachloride(666)/ hexacycliccompiund 七 hepta- heptachromic/ heptaploid/ heptavalent 八 octa- octahedral/ octal system 九 nona- nonapeptide/ nonagon 十 deca- d ecade/ decagram/ decaliter 注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇）， tetradecapeptidegastrin（十四肽胃泌素）， octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸） 颜色及与颜色有关的前缀 颜色 通用名 前缀 示例 色 color chrom-/chromo- chromosome/ chromatin/ chromatometer 红red 红 red erythro- erythrocyte/ erythrocyturia/ erythrometer 白 white leuko- leukocyte/ leukemi