微带高增益阵列天线设计.pdfVIP

摘 要 随着现代通信设备不断走向小型化的趋势发展，在生产生活中对于天线的体积、重 量、集成度、方向性、增益等指标的要求也越来越高，而微带天线满足小型化、重量轻、 易与有源器件和电路集成的特点得到了人们的广泛应用。但是针对于传统的微带天线而 言，由于其带宽相对过窄且增益较低，方向性能也极差，不能满足实际生产应用的日益 需求。因此，选择对微带天线进行组阵使其构成微带阵列天线，通过选择合适的微带天 线单元结构和馈电网络，可以增加天线带宽和方向性，获得较高的天线增益特性，得到 良好的天线性能。本文介绍的2 ×4 元微带缝隙阵列天线，是由 8 个相同的微带缝隙天 线单元按照一定的方式排列后再与馈电网络级联所构成的，提高了天线整体的方向性和 增益。本文介绍的这个工作中心频率在 6GHz 处的微带阵列天线，工作带宽要求要大于 60MHZ 并且工作带宽内端口驻波比（VSWR ）要小于 1.5，端口输入阻抗为 50 欧姆， 通过高频电磁仿真软件 HFSS 对其进行建模设计和不断仿真与各参数优化处理，最终确 定了阵列天线尺寸为140  70  1.5mm3 。通过分析该阵列天线的模型仿真结果，观察优 化设计后得到的 S11 参数曲线、驻波比曲线、输出阻抗曲线以及增益方向图，最终达到 了各项指标要求的设计标准，满足了所设计的微带缝隙阵列天线高增益的要求，得到了 良好的天线辐射特性。 关键字：微带天线；缝隙阵列天线；高增益；馈电网络 Abstract With the trend of miniaturization of modern communication equipment, the requirement of antennas volume, weight, integration, directivity and gain in production and life is getting higher and higher, and microstrip antenna has been widely used to meet the characteristics of miniaturization, light weight, easy integration with active devices. But for the traditional microstrip antenna, because of its relatively narrow bandwidth, low gain and poor directional performance, it can not meet the increasing demand of practical production and application. Therefore, choosing a microstrip antenna array to form a microstrip array antenna can increase the antenna bandwidth and directionality, obtain higher antenna gain characteristics and obtain good antenna performance by choosing appropriate microstrip antenna unit structure and feeding network. The 2 ×4 element microstrip slot array antenna introduced in this paper is composed of eight identical microstrip slot antenna elements arranged in a certain way and then cascaded with the feed network, which improves the overall directivity and gain of the antenna. In