动物生物学-软体动物门.pptxVIP

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动物生物学-软体动物门.pptx

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;With all organ systems Circulatory system Specialized respiratory organs Excretory system — metanephridium 后肾型 ;Evolutionary status Molluscs have a close relationship with annelids ? metanephridic excretory organs ? trochophore larvae Both placed in non-molting Lophotrochozoa 触手担轮动物 The relationship between the molluscs and arthropods are more distant than previously thought;Two groups of Protostomia 1. Lophotrochozoan animals 触手担轮动物：not molt ? Phylum Rotifera 轮虫动物门 ? Phylum Acanthocephala 棘头动物门 ? Phylum Annelida 环节动物门 ? Phylum Mollusca 软体动物门 2. Ecdysozoan animals 褪皮动物：molt ? Phylum Nematoda 线虫动物门 ? Phylum Nematomorpha 线形动物门 ? Phylum Kinorhyncha 动吻动物门 ? Phylum Loricifera 铠甲动物门 ? Phylum Priapulida 曳鳃动物门 ? Phylum Arthropoda 节肢动物门;General characteristics of molluscs ? Bilateral symmetry ? Spiral cleavage ? Protostomate ? Schizocoelous coelom formation ? Coelom reduced to cavities surrounding the heart, nephridia肾管, and gonads ? Open circulatory system in all but one class, Cephalopoda ? Body of three parts: head, trunk, and foot ? Mantle外套膜 secrets a calcareous shell that covers the visceral mass内脏团 ? Mantle cavity: functions in elimination of digestive wastes, excretion, gas exchange, and release of reproductive products ? Radula 齿舌 usually present;1. Body division Three main regions: ? Head: mouth, nervous and sensory structures ? Trunk: visceral mass covered by mantle, containing the organs of digestion, circulation, excretion, and reproduction The mantle secretes a calcareous shell ? Foot;Head: with sensory organs, eyes, antenna Species that are flexible — obvious Species that are less flexible — reduced Burrowing or sessile — disappeared;Species that are flexible — obvious，cephalopods;Species that are less flexible — reduced, snail;Burrowing or sessile — disappeared, Mussel 蚌;Mantle ?? A continuous membrane covering visceral mass, gill鳃, and even foot The mantle may be divided three layers? Outer layer: epithelium 表皮细胞层? Middle layer: thickening connect