生化郑利民信号转导－生化课.pptxVIP

生化郑利民信号转导－生化课第1页/共74页 2Signal-Transduction Pathways信号转导通路 (1)第2页/共74页 3干细胞的分化第3页/共74页 4植物的生长发育是在环境因子的影响下正确进行时空表达的过程第4页/共74页 5信号?受体??反应: 手触摸就是刺激(信号)，小叶合拢就是反应。偶联刺激到反应之间的生化和分子途径, 就是这个反应的信号转导通路 触摸含羞草后,小叶合拢 第5页/共74页 6细胞信号转导网络的简单模式（信号输入）（信号输出）第6页/共74页 7Important roles of biosignaling Functional integration of distant organs, tissues and cells requires communication; Signaling is perhaps a primal requirement to respond to our environment; The foundation of any complex response pathway lies with cellular biochemicals.BiosignalingIntercellular（细胞间） Intracellular（细胞内）第7页/共74页 8常见四种类型：Endocrine (内分泌）Paracrine (旁分泌）Autocrine (自分泌）Membrane attached proteinIntercellular signaling （细胞间信号）第8页/共74页 9Four schemes of intercellular signaling (1) 第9页/共74页 10Four schemes of intercellular signaling (2)第10页/共74页 11Intracellular signaling （细胞内信号）第11页/共74页 12Intracellular Receptor第12页/共74页 13Electron-micrograph of macrophage (pink) attacking Escherichia coli (green)第13页/共74页 14M?吞噬处理入侵细菌及提呈抗原的机制第14页/共74页 15Signal Transduction Pathway: Complicated 第15页/共74页 16FcR CR3Ca++srcPI3kPKCMAPKRhoGTPasegelsolinArp2/3PLCPLDActin rearrangementPhagocytosis; Oxidative activationSignals for phagocytosisSignalReceptorAmplificationTransductionResponsessecondmessengers第16页/共74页 17信号转导要素：信号或配体, 受体, 信号放大 (产生第二信使), 应答和反馈调节胞外 质膜 胞内第17页/共74页 18PARTⅠ1 Basic characteristics of signal transduction2 Four general types of signal transducersPARTⅡ1 Regulatory mechanisms2 Some diseases caused by defects in the biosignaling pathways第18页/共74页 191 Four basic characteristics:1.1 Specificity1.2 Amplification1.3 Desensitization/Adaptation1.4 Integration第19页/共74页 20SpecificitySignal molecule fits binding site on its complementary receptor; other signals do not fit.thrombin第20页/共74页 21Scatchard analysis quantifies the receptor-ligand interaction第21页/共74页 22often short-lived low concentration第22页/共74页 23Desensitization/Adaptation Receptor activation triggers a feedback circuit that shuts