10.复合句之三定语从句-上海名校高中自主招生英语直通车.docxVIP

第10讲： 第10讲： 复合句——定语从句 1 1 考点归纳、考前巩固、真题链接 ? 考点归纳 anyone / those / he + who (主谓一致)关系代词: that (人、物), which (物), who (人), whom (人), whose (人、物), as关系副词: where, when, why先行词: 名词、代词定语从句的解题思路: 将先行词 anyone / those / he + who (主谓一致) 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句: ⑴ 一般情况下，非限制性定语从句可用who, whom, which, whose, where, when引导，不用that, why引导，且引导词不能省略；非限制性定语从句中的which可指代整个分句，也可只是前面句子的一部分 ⑵ 特殊情况下只能用非限制性定语从句，①先行词为独一无二的事物(如Paris)；②定语从句修饰的是主句的整个或一部分；③特殊结构(如the largest of which) 只能用that而非which: ⑴ 先行词为不定代词，如Everything that we need is here. ⑵ 先行词被某些词修饰，如①all, any, no, little等限定词；②形容词最高级；③序数词；④the only / the very ⑶ 先行词既包含人又包含物 ⑷ 主句为wh-开头的特殊疑问句或先行词为疑问代词 ⑸ 先行词还原时为定语从句中的表语，如He is not the man that he used to be. 关系副词只在定语从句中(状语从句中成立吗?)有如下等同关系: (注意介词)where = prep. (e.g. in, on) + which 其先行词可为place, room, house, etc.when = prep. (e.g. at, on) + which 其先行词可为time, day, morning, etc.why = for which 其先行词只能为reason prep. + whom / which / whose + (n.) 结构: 当关系代词作介词补足成分时，介词一般前置，此时只能用whom指人，which指物 e.g. James Russell is a man for whom I have the greatest respect. 但一些固定的动词短语，如take care of, listen to等在定语从句中一般不将介词与动词拆开 e.g. This is the old man whom he has been taking care of. 若介词后置，可用who / that指人，that指物，间或省去 e.g. They are the boys (who) / (that) I went to school with. e.g. Do you know the man in whose honor a party was held yesterday? e.g. I bought 6 books, two of which are for him. = I bought 6 books, and two of them are for him. cf. You may find fault in what he said.  A turtle differs from all other reptiles in that it has its body encased in a protective shell. as的用法，如: the same … as … / such … as … / as we all know / As is known to all (非限制性定语从句位于主句之前) 等；试比较the same … that … / such … that … 充当定语从句宾语的关系代词(或that充当补语)通常可以省略(prep. + 关系代词时可省略吗?) way的用法: I don’t like the way (in which / that) he speaks.注意不能用how引导以the way为先行词的定语从句，如不可说 *That is the way how he spoke.但可改说That is how he spoke. one与the one的用法 注意在限制性定语从句中，为避免关系词所指对象的歧义，对关系词的选择必须审慎，如There’s only one student in the school that I w