定语从句语法总结.docxVIP

定语从句语法总结 定语从句语法总结 定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。在定语从句中， 被修饰的名词或代词被称为先行词，而引导定语从句的词包括 关系代词和关系副词。关系代词包括that/who/whom/which/as, 而关系副词包括when/where/whyo引导词通常位于定语从句 之前，而定语从句的位置则紧跟在先行词之后。 定语从句可以分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。 限定性定语从句和主句之间没有逗号，而非限定性定语从句和 主句之间则用逗号隔开。在限定性定语从句中，引导词可以直 接引导定语从句，也可以由介词+关系代词引导。介词的选用 可以根据从句中的相关词组确定，通常可以放在关系代词之前, 也可放在从句之尾。非限定性定语从句通常由引导词直接引导。 I live in a house that is far away from the city。In front of my house stands a big tree. At the gateo there is an apple tree with many apples on it. This is the man to whom I gave the book. He has five children o two of whom are living abroad. We have three books o none of which are interesting. Non-restrictive relative clauses can be introduced by any relative pronoun except for why and that。They are set off by commas and provide nal n about the antecedent o They can be translated as two separate sentences. The engineer o whose leg was badly hurto was quickly sent to the hospital o (That engineer was quickly sent to the hospital o and their leg was badly hurt.) In non-restrictive relative clauses □ no relative pronoun can be omitted□ including those that n as the object□ When referring to peopleo who is used as the subject and whom is used as the object. 指物作主语时，应使用关系代词which,而关系副词应使 用 when 或 where,且不能省略。例如，the man who is sitting on the chair is my father； the cityo which is far away。is very beautifulo当引导非限定性定语从句时，应使用whose,如the house o whose window faces south o is mineo 在定语从句中，关系代词和关系副词的基本用法如下： who/that指人作主格，代替先行词并作定语从句的主语，不能 省略；whom/who/that指人作宾格，在定语从句中代替先行词 并作定语从句的宾语，当作动宾时关系代词可省略，当作介宾 时，介词不提前时关系代词可省略，介词提前时关系代词不可 省；固定的动词短语不能把动词与介词拆开。例如，the man whom I spoke with is my teacher ； the man with whom I spoke is my teacher o She is the perfect candidate whom we are looking for. Whose is used to indicate n and is followed by a noun o It cannot be omitted in a relative clause where it ns as the subject or object (direct or indirect) of the clause o Whose can be replaced by nof which/whom or nthe + of which/whom. Example: I didnt find the desk w