5写后修改 副本.docxVIP

在学习写作段落和篇章之前，首先应该 学习如何写好句子。一篇文章写好之后也要着重看看语法是否正确，句式是否完整，表达是否简洁。 下面从句子层面看看写好文章之后该如何修改。 语法知识 There be 结构 考生病句： There are many people (who like to go to the movies). There are different kinds of vegetables can be bought on the market by people. 正确表达： There are many people who like to go to the movies. There are different kinds of vegetables that people can buy on the market. 这两个例句的错误比较有普遍性， 因为在历次考试中有不少考生不能正确 运用 there be 这一最常用的句式。 在这种结构中，there 是引导词，没有实际意义。be 在句中作谓语，有时态和数的变化。 比较结构 考生病句： Comparing with the bike, the car runs much faster. The climate in Walton is cold er than other cities. 正确表达： 1. Compared with the bike, the car runs much faster. 2. The climate in Walton is cold er than that of/in other cities. 评议与分析：许多考生在作文中用 c ompare 或 than 表示比较，但相当多的表达有误。 在例 1 中，对两个事物进行比较的句式为Compared with A, B..., 只能用compare 的过去分词，不能用现在分词， 因为 B 是分词的逻辑主语，只能被比较。 在例 2 中，考生误将天气与城市进行比较，而二者没有可比性，只有将后 者改为其他城市的天气才符合逻辑，很显然，考生的错误是受了汉语表达习惯的影响。 含有 it 的结构 考生病句： As is known to all of us that science and technology play an im portant role in the development of s ociety. It is known to us, practice m akes perfect. 正确表达： It is known to all of us that science and technology play an imp ortant role in the development of society. (或:As is known to all of us, science...) It is known to us that practic e makes perfect. (或:As is known to us, practice...) 评议与分析： 很显然，两个考生混淆了 it 和 as 的用法。如果用 it 作形式主语，后面的主语从句必须由 that 引起；如果用as，则后 面不能用 that，因为as 是关系代词，代表 practice makes perfect。 意思完整 英语中完整的句子通常必须具备两个基本条件:1.表示一个完整的意思;2. 至少包括主语和谓语两个部分(祈使句除外). 如果将句子的一部分当作一个完整的句子,就会导致非完整句.非完整句缺少主 语或谓语部分,因而不能表示完整的意思. 其错误通常有下面几种情况: 将从句当作句子 (误)I would never forget the day. W hen my mother sent me to the villa ge school. (正)I would never forget the day Wh en my mother sent me to the villag e school. (误)If there is a ball game on televis ion. Dad does not like us to watch our programs. (正)If there is a ball game on televis ion, Dad does not like us to watch our programs. 将同位语当作句子 (误)Do you want to meet Alice? Th