电子显微分析.pdfVIP

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 电子显微分析 参考书目： 无机非金属材料测试方法 杨南如 主编 武汉理工大学出版社 Transmission Electron Microscopy: A Textbook for Materials Science, David B. Williams (Lehigh University) And C. Barry Carter (University of Minnesota) Springer 章晓中 编著 Electron Microscopy and Analysis 电子显微分析 对电子显微镜的理解 • 电子显微镜就是微观表征 (characteristic) 的一把 “尺子” 相（Phase）—组成材料的 “基本单元”是 “相” ≈ 材料研究研 究对象是 “相” 相 → 相术（相人、相面）？ → 金相（相金属） → 材相 • 衬度（Contrast）—是显微分析中识别不同“相”的依据或手段 显微分析的核心就是要让“不同的相呈现出不同的衬度、相的衬度 小的尽可能提高衬度差异以便区分不同的相 → 进而去研究它 → 研究它和宏观性能的关系” 很多新的显微分析方法的产生说到底是一种新的衬度机制的诞生 • 电子光学仪器的目的 形貌—衬度（看得见）和分辨率（看的更清楚） 微区分析（看得见的基础上，想要了解是什么 （成分、结构）？） 1. INTRODUCTION 前言 1.1. WHY USE ELECTRONS? Why should we use an electron microscope? Historically, TEMs were developed because of the limited image resolution in light microscopes, which is imposed by the wavelength of visible light. 1.1.A. Microscopy and the Concept of Resolution What is a “microscope”? it is an instrument for magnifying things too small to see with the naked eye, be referring to the visible-light microscope. Because of the general familiarity with the concept of the light microscope, we will draw analogies between electron and visible-light microscopes wherever its instructive. The smallest distance between two points that we can resolve with our eyes is about 0.1~0.2 mm, depending on how good our eyes are, and assuming that theres sufficient illumination to see by. This distance is the resolution or