金融系线代+第2章+线性方程组（讲义）.pdfVIP

09 2010 §1 Æ Cramer 1 (Cramer ) n n  a x + a x + + a x = b  11 1 12 2 1n n 1   a21x1 + a22x2 + + a2nxn = b2    an1x1 + an2x2 + + annxn = bn  a11 a12 a1n    a21 a22 a2n A =    . . .  . . .  a . a . a .  n1 n2 nn detAj xj = , 1 ≤ j ≤ n, detA A A j b , b , , b j 1 2 n detA = 0, A x = A−1β , A = (aij )n ×n x = (x , x , , x )T , β = (b , b , , b )T . A−1 = 1 A∗ , 1 2 n 1 2 n detA  x1   A11 A21 An1   b1       x2 1 A12 A22 An2 b2      =  .   . . .  .   .  detA  . . .   .  . . . . . xn A1n A2n Ann bn  A b + A b + + A b 