金融系线代+第1章+矩阵（讲义）.pdfVIP

 09 2010   §1
1 F m × n aij , 1 ≤ i ≤ m, 1 ≤ j ≤ n, m n  a11 a12 a1n    a21 a22 a2n A =    . . .  . . .  a . a . a .  m1 m2 mn F m n , m ×n m n A A = (aij )m ×n , aij A i j , A (i, j ) ℄ A ℄ A ; A ℄ A . ℄ , Om ×n , O. A n A n . A n ℄ a11, a22, , ann A . Æ℄℄ . Æ  a11    a22 A =    . .   . ann  diag{a11, a22, , ann }. En := diag{1, 1, , 1} n , diag{c, c, , c}, c ∈ F n Æ , cEn . n A = (aij )n ×n , ÆÆ℄ aij = 0, i j , A . n A = (aij )n ×n , ÆÆ℄ aij = 0, i j , A . n A = (aij )n ×n , aij = aji , 1 ≤ i ≤ j ≤ n, Æ. n A = (aij )n ×n , aij = −aji , 1 ≤ i ≤ j ≤ n, Æ. Æ℄ 1 × n a , a , , a 1 2 n n . n × 1  a1    a2    .  .  a. 