九种状语从句详解以及专项练习.pdfVIP

状语从句 能力要求:了解状语从句的分类情况及各类状语从句中经常使用的连词； 能够在真实的语境中断定从句与主句的逻辑关系，从而使用恰当的连词完成交际； 能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的用法差异。 一、时间状语从句 1. when, while 和 as 1) when 既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句动作和从句动作同时 发生或从句动作先于主句动作： When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. When the film ended, the people went back. 当when 引出的时间状语从句为系表结构，而且其主语和主句的主语一致，其表语又是一 个名词时，就可以那个以as 引出的省略句，来代替when 引导的从句： As a young man ( = when he was a young man ), he was fond of hunting. 2) while 引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比： Please don’t talk so loud while others are working. While I was wondering at this, our schoolmaster took his place. 3) as 引导一个持续动作，多用于主句动作和从句动作同时发生： He hurried home, looking behind as he went. John sings as he works. 4) when 还可用作并列连词，其意义为at this / that time, 常用于下列句式： be doing sth. when … / be about to do sth. when … / had ( just ) sth. when … 此外，when 还可表示原因“既然” ： It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes. How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none? 5) while 作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比： Mom was cooking in the kitchen while dad was watching TV in the sitting room. He likes pop music while I am fond of folk music. 6) 如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进 行的动作时，when 、while 和 as 可以互相换用： When / While / As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine. while 必须与延续性动词连用；强调主句动作延续到从句所指的整个时间时，只能用while ； 表示“随着”只能用as ； 表示有规律的“每当”时或主从句动作有先后时，只能用when. The plane had left when we got to the airport. ( 不用while) As time passed, the event became more and more popular. (不用while 或when ) When winter comes, it becomes cold. ( 每当， 不用as 或while ) When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. ( 不用while 或as ) 2. as soon as, immediately, directly, the moment, the minute, the second, once ( 一旦…就…) no sooner … than…, hardly / scarcely … when … 这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一… 就…”. 从句中用一般时态代替将来时态： The moment I heard the voice, I knew fat