新人教必修5 语法·剖析.docxVIP

语法·剖析 本单元的主要语法项目是过去分词作状语和定语。 一、过去分词 过去分词有两大特点：一是表被动的概念；二是表动作已完成。过去分词在句中可用作 定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语等成分。过去分词在句中作某种成分时，其逻辑主语一般为该分词所表示的动作的承受者。 二、过去分词作状语的用法 过去分词或过去分词短语常用于以下几种状语： 分类 说明 时间 可用于时间状语从句，也可在过去分状语 词前加上连词“when，while，until” 等，使其时间意义更明确。 原因 可用于原因状语从句或并列结构。状语 举例 Seen from the hill，the park looks very beautiful. =When it is seen from the hill ，the parks are very beautiful. 从山上看，这个公园非常美丽。 Don’t speak until spoken to. =Don’t speak until you are spoken to. 当别人和你讲话时，你才能讲话。Touched by his teacher’s words ，the boy cried. =The boy was touched by his teacher’s words,so he cried. 这个男孩被老师的话打动了，所以他哭了。 条件 可加连词if，unless 等转换成条件状语从句。 Given more time，we could do it much 状语 better. （=If we were given more time，we could do it much better.） 多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。 让步 有时可加 although，though，even if，even Though warned of the storm，the farmers 状语 though，whether...or 等连词转换成让步状语 were still working in the fields. 从句。 =Though they had been warned of the storm,the farmers were still working in the fields. 虽然农民们已被告知将有风暴，但他们 仍然在地里干活。 方式 加 and 可转换成并列结构从句。 The teacher entered the classroom ， 伴 followed by a group of his students. 随状 =The teacher entered the classroom and 语 he was followed by a group of his students. 老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。 单独的过去分词作定语常常置于其所修饰的名词前You 单独的过去分词作定语 常常置于其所修饰的名词前 You should improve your spoken English. 过去分词短语作定语 过去分词短语作定语 常常置于其所修饰的名词后 不及物动词的过去分词作定语 当与其所修饰的名词构成逻 辑上的动宾关系时，必须在该动词后使用必要的介词 He is a teacher respected by all his students. He is the student laughed at by all people just now.