2021考研英语(二)真题及答案(完整版).pdfVIP

2021 考研英语（二）真题及答案 SectionI Use ofEnglish Itsnotdifficulttosettargetsforstaff.Itismuch harder,（1 ）tounderstandtheir negative harder,consequences.Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. （2 ） one and theothersbecome distorted. Travelon a London busand youll（3）seehow thisworks withdrivers.Watch peoplegeton and show theirtickets.Are theycarefullyinspected?Never.Do people geton withoutpaying?Of course!Are thereinspectorsto（4 ） thatpeoplehave paid? Possibly,butveryfew.And peoplewho runforthebus?They are （5 ）.How about jumpinglights?Busesdo soalmostasfrequentlyascyclists. Why? Because thetargetis（6 ）.Peoplecomplainedthatbuseswere lateand infrequent.（7 ）,thenumber ofbusesand bus laneswere increased,and driverswere （8 ）or punishedaccordingtothetimetheytook.Anddrivershitthesetargets.But they （9 ） hitcyclists.Ifthetargetwas changed to （10 ）you would havemore inspectorsand more sensitivepricing.Ifthecriterionchangedtosafety,you would get more （11 ）driverswho obeyed trafficlaws.Butboth thesecriteriawould be atthe expenseoftime. There isanother（12 ）:peoplebecame immensely inventiveinhittingtargets. Have you （13 ）thatyou can leaveon a flightan hour latebutstillarriveon time? Tailwinds?Of coursenot!Airlineshave simplychanged thetimea （14 ）ismeant to take.A one-hourflightisnow billedasa two-hourflight. The （15 ）of thestoryissimple.Most jobsaremultidimensional,withmultiple criteria.Choose one criterionand you may well （16 ）others.Everythingcanbe done fasterand made cheaper,but thereisa （17 ） Settingtargetscan and does have unforeseennegativeconsequences. Thisisnotan argumentagainsttarget-setting.But itisan argumentforexploring consequencesfirst.Allgood targetsshouldhavemultiplecriteria（18 ）criticalfactors suchas time,money,,qualityand customerfeedback.The trickisnotonlyto （19 ） justone oreven two dimensionsof theobjective,butalsotounderstandhow tohelp people