非谓语动词【市一等奖】.pptVIP

考点五　非谓语动词作主语 1.动词-ing形式作主语 动词-ing形式作主语表示抽象的、经常性的或习惯性的动作,尤其是一般行为倾向。 It’s not easy to learn English well.Reading as much as possible is necessary. 学好英语不容易。尽可能多阅读是必要的。 通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长,用it作形式主语,动词-ing短语后置。 It is no good/use learning without practice. 学习但不实践是没有用的。 2.动词不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作。 To get up early is necessary. 早起是必要的。 通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长,用it作形式主语,动词不定式短语后置。 It’s not easy to work out the problem. 解决这一问题不容易。 考点六　非谓语动词作表语 1.动名词作表语时,说明主语的内容。 The queen’s work is laying eggs. 2.不定式作表语时,说明主语尚未发生的动作,或表示将来的动作。 His ambition is to go to Harvard University. 注意:现在分词或过去分词作表语时,通常为分词化的形容词。 考点七　独立主格结构 1.名词或主格代词+动词不定式 名词或主格代词与动词不定式之间是逻辑上的主动关系,且强调的是一次具 体性的将来的动作。 He is going to make a model plane,some old parts to help.借助于一 些旧零件,他要做一个飞机模型。 2.名词或主格代词+动词-ing形式 名词或主格代词与动词-ing形式之间为逻辑上的主动关系。 The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him),he didn’t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他,他不知道说什么好。 3.名词或主格代词+过去分词 名词或主格代词与过去分词之间为逻辑上的被动关系。 The problems solved (= As the problems were solved),the quality has been improved. 随着问题的解决,质量已经提高了。 4.with和without引导的独立主格结构 with/without复合结构既可看作介词短语,在句子中作定语;也可看作独立主 格结构,常在句中充当状语。其结构为: with+宾语+ The man felt very happy with so many children sitting around him. John received an invitation to dinner,and with his work finished,he gladly accepted it. With a lot of difficult problems to settle,the newly elected president is having a hard time. 真题链接 1.Scientists have responded by 　　　　(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are. (2019全国Ⅰ)? 答案及剖析: 1.noting　考查动名词。介词by之后跟动词-ing形式。 2.A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 　　(be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week.(2019全国Ⅱ)? 3.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award,proud Irene declared she had no plans 　　　 　 (retire) from her 36-year-old business.(2019全国Ⅱ)? 答案及剖析: 2.being　介词后应用动词-ing形式作宾语。 3.to retire　名词plan后