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2021内蒙古考研英语二真题及答案
Section ⅠUse of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark
A, B, C
or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Its not difficult to set targets for staff . It is much harder, 1 ,to understand
their negative
consequences. Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. 2 one and the
others
becomedistorted.TravelonaLondonbusandyoull3seehowthisworkswithdrivers.
Watch people get on and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected? Never.
Do people get on without paying? Of course !Are there inspectors to 4 that people
have paid? Possibly, but very few.And peoplewho run for the bus? They are 5 . How
about jumping lights? Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists. Why? Because
the target is 6 . People complained that buses were late and infrequent. 7 , the
numberofbusesandbuslaneswereincreased,anddriverswere8orpunishedaccording
to the time they took. And drivers hit these targets. But they 9 hit cyclists. If
the target was changed to 10 , you would have more inspectors and more sensitive
pricing.Ifthecriterionchangedtosafety,youwouldgetmore 11driverswhoobeyed
traffic laws. But both these criteria would be at the expense of time. There is
another 12 :peoplebecame immensely inventive in hitting targets.Haveyou 13 that
you can leaveonaflightanhour latebut stillarriveon time?Tailwinds?Ofcourse
not!Airlines have simply changed the time a 14 is meant to take. A one-hour fight
is now ballad as a two-hour flight. The 15 of the story is simple. Most jobs are
multidimensional,with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well 16
others.Everything Can be done faster andmade cheaper,but there is a 17 . Setting
targets can and doeshaveunforeseen negativeconsequences.This isnot an argument
againsttarget-setting.But it isanargumentfor exploringconsequencesfirst.All
goodtargets shouldhavemultiple criteria 18 criticalfactors such astime,money,
qual
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