高中英语教学：高三英语复习：写作微技能.doc

写作微技能之句子提升 句子提升 (1)--身份名词 英语和汉语是截然不同的两种语言，汉语倾向于用动词，而英语却对名词青睐有加，因此，英语的动词使用频率远远低于汉语。我们的母语是汉语，在写英语文章时都是从汉语思维再翻译成英语的，所以写出来的往往是中式英语，而且由于英汉的差异，汉语与英语有时候无法逐字翻译，需要进行调整。 今天，我们就来学习如何用身份性的名词来表示汉语中的动词含义，使得句子更加准确、地道。 1. 他善于倾听。 ____________________________________ 2. 他很难对付，我想他不会满足我们的要求。 ____________________________________ Keys:1. 大部分人对这句话的翻译会是He is good at listening. 但是这句话有歧义，对原意的表达也不到位。此处，我们可以将句子改写为He is a good listener. 牛津高阶字典中对a good listener的解释是“sb who you can rely on to listen with attention or sympathy”. 这样的表达其含义就到位了。 2. He is difficult to get along with; I don’t think he’ll satisfy our demands. 这样的表达也能接受，但是get along with和原文的难对付还是有较大差异，那么此处可以改写为He is a tough nut; I don’t think he’ll satisfy our demands. 类似的身份性表达还有很多，比如说workaholic (a person who works obsessively and finds it difficult to stop), shopaholic (a person who loves to go shopping and buys lots of things they may not need), couch potato (a person who spends a lot of time sitting and watching television). 如果用括号里面的解释性句子去描写，可能就会破坏语篇的美感。当然，这样的表达需要平时的积累，大家可以在阅读过程中多做摘记，积累下来，以备不时之需。 句子提升 (2)--抽象名词的使用 句子改写 (运用抽象名词) 1. Hearing the news that he had won the first prize, he was every excited. ________________________________________________________________ 2. He lacks experience, so he is at a disadvantage compared to others employees. ________________________________________________________________ 3. If you compare two ways of life carefully, you will find the former is superior to the latter. ________________________________________________________________ Keys:1. The news that he had won the first prize filled him with great excitement. 2. A lack of experience puts him at a disadvantage compared to other employees. 3. Careful comparison of two ways of life will show the superiority of the former over the latter. 可以看出，改写之后的句子之间的语意关系更加紧密，语意也愈加明确了。这样的写作手法在表达复杂句意的时候会显得尤为重要和实用。 句子提升 (3)--物称主语的使用 名词的高频使用也使得英语中多有物称作主语的句子，其实，英语中很多地道表达往往都是物称作主语的，今天，我们就来学一学这类表达。 句子改写 (运用物称主语) 1. He is so observant that he notices everything. ______