高中英语真题-2015一轮英语阅读理解练习(2)及答案(精品).pdfVIP

高中英语真题:2015 一轮英语阅读理解练习 （2 ）及答案（精品） 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的 A,B,C 或 D 四个选项 中，选出最佳选项。 Rivers may be a significant source of the greenhouse gas nitrou s oxide (一氧化二氮), scientists now find. Their calculation suggests that across the globe the waterways contribute three times the amount of nitrous oxide to the atmos phere as had been estimated by the International Panel on Clim ate Change (IPCC), the United Nations scientific body charged with reviewing climate change research. They found that the a mount of nitrous oxide produced in streams is related to human activities that release nitrogen (氮) into the environment, such a s fertilizer use and sewage discharges. “Human activities, including fossil fuel combustion and intensive agriculture, have increased the availability of nitrogen in the en vironment,” said Jake Beaulieu of the University of Notre Dame and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in , , and lead a uthor of the paper published this week in the journal Proceeding s of the National Academy of Sciences. “Much of this nitrogen is transported into river and stream netw orks,” Beaulieu said. There, microbes (微生 物) convert the nitrogen into nitrous oxide (also called laughing gas) and an inert gas called dinitrogen (二氮). The finding is important, the researchers say, because nitrous o xide is a powerful greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and destruction of the str atosphere’s ozone layer, which protects us from the sun’s harm ful ultraviolet (紫外 线) radiation. Compared with carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide is 30 0- fold more powerful in terms of its warming potential, though car bon dioxide is a far more common greenhouse gas. Scientists estimate nitrou s oxide accounts for about 6 percent of human- induced climate change. Beaulieu and colleagues measured nitrous oxide production rat es in 72 streams. When summed across the globe, the results s howed rivers and streams are the source