中国人民大学考博英语历年真题及详解.pdf

2010年中国人民大学考博英语真题及详解Part I Vocabulary (20%)Directio
: Choose the best a
wer (from A, B, C and D) to complete each of the following sentences. Mark your choice with a single bat across the square brackets on your Machining-scoring A
wer Sheet.1. Today scientists have a greater unde
tanding of genetics and its role in ______ organisms.A. live B. life C. living　 D. alive【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：现在，科学家对基因学和它对在生物的作用有了更好的理解。living现存的；活着的。alive活着的。live活的，有生命的；真正的。life生命，生物。2. The news commentator says that the argument the speaker has presented does not ______ water.A. have　 B. contain C. include　 D. hold【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：新闻评论员说发言者的观点不和情理。to hold water：（理论、计划等）证明合理，说得通。3. Terrorists murder and kidnap people, ______ bombs , hijack airplanes, set fires, and commit other serious crimes.A. light up　 B. set off C. plant in　 D. ignite【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：恐怖犯有分子谋杀绑架，爆炸袭击，劫持飞机，纵火以及其他严重罪行。set off出发，动身；（使）开始；引起；点燃，爆炸。light up照亮，亮起来；点烟，开始吸烟；(使)变得喜悦，（使）兴奋起来。plant in （把…）种入（安置在）…中；把…灌输给…。ignite点燃；引发。4. Television has become quite the vigorous activity. Sitting up is exhausting so most people ______ down while watching television.A. lay　 B. lie　 C. lying　 D. lied【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：……熬夜很累，所以很多人躺着看电视。so作为连词，表示结果，从句与主句时态相同。lie down躺着。5. If each of us does our part little by little, we can ______ the lifespan of our planet and ou
elves.A. enlarge　 B. expand C. increase　 D. grow【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：如果我们每个人都一点一滴地尽到我们应有的责任，我们就能延长我们这个星球以及我们自己的寿命。increase应用范围最广，指使（体积，数量，强度，程度，力量，权威，名声，财富等）增大或增长。enlarge 指在大小、程度、容量或范围等方面的扩大。expand 指在大小、面积、容积、体积或范围等方面的增长。grow成长：自然进程中体积的增加。6. The role of American women ______ significantly from the time the nation was born, to the modern era of the 1950s and 1960s.A. has changed　 B. has been changedC. changed D. had been changed【答案】D查看答案【解析】过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，也可能是早已完成或结束，即“过去的过去”；也可以指过去的动作延续到过去的某个时刻。本题中中的动作是从过去的某一刻到过去的另一时刻（from…to…）。7. Financial statement is a financial report or record ______ usually on a quarterly and annually basis which provides an individual’s, an orga