托马斯微积分英文版课件-第三章.pptxVIP

? 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Chapter 3 Derivatives(= Differentiation) 3.1Tangents and the Derivative at a Point For any variable u, we consider its increment △u: 1. The definition of derivative of a function at a point x0Why discuss the derivative? (See the following three examples) Example A The slope of the tangent line at P(x0, f(x0)) Key: How to get the tangent line (see below)? Example B(See Section 3.4) Instantaneous velocity at time t0. The definition of derivative of a function at a point x0: Example C The instantaneous rate of change of the function f at x0(See Section 3.4) 2. Geometric interpretation of derivative Intuitive meaning(P127): General speaking, the function f is derivable at a point x0 implies the curve of f is smooth at (x0, f(x0)).A train moves along the curve? Class Work: P123 35 P123 35: Solution Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley3.2The Derivative as a Function (1) NotationsNewton’sLeibniz’s (2) f(x) is not derivable at x0A. f(x) = |x|, x = 0. B(P123). C. Right-hand derivative at x0:Left-hand derivative at x0: D. Differentiable on an Interval:(a, b)[a, b)(a, b][a, b](-?, b)(-?, b](a, + ?)(- ?, + ?) (3) Derivable ? Continuous【P128】 Proof Let h? 0: (4) Other form of derivative Class Work: P129 31? P129, 31: is not defined at x= 0,1, 4.  Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley3.3Differentiation Rules(Rules of Derivatives) 1. The derivatives of common functionsWithout taking limits each time.Review: (1) definition of derivative.(2) another view: the average rate of change and instantaneous rate of change Proof we postpone its proof until Chapter 7(P381) The derivatives of other functions (Chapter 7): Derivatives of Trigonometric Functions (Section 3.5)Class work:Show that Proof 1 f(x) = sin(x) Proof 2 f(x) = sin(x) (1) (2)