川大林锋计网第四次作业.docx

Review Questions: Let’s review some of the terminology used in this textbook. Recall that the name of a transport-layer packet is segment and that the name of a link-layer packet is frame. 传输层的包的名字是段，链路层的包的名字是帧 What is the name of a network-layer packet? Recall that both routers and link-layer switches are called packet switches. What is the fundamental difference between a router and link-layer switch? 路由和链路层交换最基本的区别是？Recall that we use the term routers for both datagram networks and VC networks. A network-layer packet is a datagram. A router forwards its packet based on the packet’s IP address. A link-layer switch forwards a packet based on the packet’s MAC address. What is the difference between routing and forwarding? Forwarding moves packets from router’s input to appropriate router output, routing determines routers taken by packet from resource to destinations. What are the two most important network-layer functions in a datagram network? What are the three most important network-layer functions in a virtual-circuit network? 虚电路网络中三个最重要的网络层功能是什么？ The most important of datagram-based network layer are forwarding and routing. It ’s forwarding, routing and connection setup. 转发、选路和呼叫建立。 7. Three types of switching fabrics are discussed in Section 4.3. List and briefly describe each type. Switching via memory: Traditional computers with switching under direct control of CPU. Packet copied to system’s memory. Peed limited by memory bandwidth. Switching via a bus: Datagram from input port memory to output port memory via a shared bus. Bus contention: switching speed limited by bus bandwidth. 32 Gbps bus, Cisco 5600: sufficient speed for access and enterprise routers. Switching via an interconnection network: Overcome bus bandwidth limitations. Banyan networks, other interconnection nets initially developed to connect processors in multiprocessor. Advanced design: fragmenting datagram into fixed length cells, switch cells through the fabric. Cisco 12000: switches 60