高中英语必修四：unit1 Grammar 课件.pptVIP

Unit 1 Grammar Subject–verb Agreement 主 谓 一 致 The team ____ some good players. (have) The team ____ handsome. (be) has are The group ___ made up of nine students. (be) The group ____ dancing happily. (be) is are A knife and fork ___ used to have meals. (be) is Subject–verb Agreement 主谓一致 主谓一致指的是句子的谓语动词与其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。 主谓一致 二、意义一致 三、就近原则 一、语法一致 主谓一致主要有以下几种情况： 语法一致 谓语动词由主语的单复数形式而决定。 由and连接的两个或两个以上名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。但以下几种情况除外： (1)and连接的两个名词指同一个人、物或 概念。注意第二个名词前没有冠词。 如：The poet and writer has come. (2)由each…and (each)…, every…and(every)…, many a …and(many a)…等作主语。 如：Every minute and every second is important. 主语后面带有as well as,with,together with,along with, including,rather than, like,but,except,besides等加名词时，谓语动词与它们前面的名词一致。如： No one except me knows about it. The teacher with two students was at the meeting. 成双成对的名词，如：shoes,glasses,trousers,shocks等作主语时，谓语动词用复数，如果前面有a pair of或a suit of 修饰时，谓语和pair或suit保持一致。 A pair of shoes is a nice present. The glasses are mine. 意义一致 谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的意义而不是形式所决定 主语中有“all, half , most, the rest, 分数或百分数等+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词。如： Two thirds of the students are girls. Two thirds of the water here is used to irrigate. people,police,cattle等词作主语 谓语动词通常用复数。如： People in the Western world do not eat such healthy foods. 表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等的名词做主语时，尽管是复数形式，通常把它们作为一个整体，其谓语动词用单数。如： Ten years is a moment in history. Three hundred miles is a long distance. the+形容词（rich,poor,living,dead,young,old等） 作主语时，如表示一类人，谓语 动词用复数。如： The young respect the old and the old respect the young,too. The sick are being taken good care of in the hospital. 有些集体名词，如：audience,family,group,class, team,crew,company,committee,crowd,enemy,public等，作主语时，若作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；若着眼于该集体的成员或个体时，谓语动词用 复数形式。 His family is a large one. His family are early risers. 就近原则 就近原则即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。 在表存在的there be 句式中，主语是两个或多个并列名词（短语），be的形式与最近的一个名词（短语）