新人教版高中英语必修第一册：Discovering Useful Structures——句子成分与基本句型结构.pptx

Discovering Useful Structures—— 句子成分与基本句型结构;;1.I’m not outgoing.(SP) 2.I just had my first maths class at senior high school！(SVOA) 3.He even told us a funny story.(SV IO DO) 4.I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.(SVOC) 5.Everyone laughed so much！(SVA) 6.I love my school.(SVO) 7.We all succeeded.(SV) 8.There is a park at the foot of the mountain.(There be...);Ⅰ.句子成分 构成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。句子成分包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语等。 一、主语(S) 主语表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事/物”，即动作的发出者。一般由名词、代词、数词、动名词、动词不定式或从句充当，常置于句首。;[即时练1]　写出句中的主语，并指出是何种形式的主语 ①Gina is from Australia. ________________ ②What he needs is a book. ____________________ ③Three is enough. ________________ ④To see is to believe. __________________ ;二、谓语(V) 谓语通常是动词(vt.及物动词/vi.不及物动词)，说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，通常位于主语之后。助动词或情态动词和后面的动词一起构成复合谓语。 I like English.(简单谓语) Great changes have taken place in Shanghai.(复合谓语);[即时练2]　写出句中的谓语 ①The moon rose. ________________ ②She laughs at her. ________________ ③He understands English. ________________ ④You may go home now. ________________;三、宾语(O) 宾语一般是动作的施加对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词(短语)后；宾语也可以放在介词之后作介词宾语。一般由名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或从句充当。 Can I ask some questions? (动词的宾语) He is looking at the dog.(动词短语的宾语) The meeting will be held in the lecture hall.(介词的宾语) ;[即时练3]　分别写出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语 ①She passed him a new dress. ________________ ②She cooked her mother a delicious meal. __________________________ ③I showed John my pictures. ________________;[即时练3]　分别写出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语 ①She passed him a new dress. ________________ ②She cooked her mother a delicious meal. __________________________ ③I showed John my pictures. ________________;四、???语补足语(C) 宾语补足语简称宾补，用来对宾语进行补充和说明，在宾语的后面，去掉后句子不完整。一般由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句等充当。 We elected him our monitor.(名词) He asked her to take the boy out of school.(不定式);[即时练4]　写出句中的宾补，并指出是何种形式的宾补 ①We keep the table clean. ________________ ②They call him Little Tom. ________________ ③We saw him out. ________________ ④He asked me to come back soon. _______