History of UK英国历史完整版.pptVIP

Sep,2009 Sep,2009 Julius Caesar尤利乌斯.凯撒 I came, I saw, I conquered. Why was the Roman influence so limited? 1. They never settled in Britain in large numbers. They came to govern, to control, to trade, but not to settle. So they were too few to change the customs of the people. 2. The Romans always treated the Britons as a subject people of slave class. (The true slave society was introduced into England.) The Romans and the Britons never intermarried during the 4 centuries. 4. Anglo-Saxons 盎格鲁-撒克逊人(449-8th) Angles盎格鲁人, Saxons撒克逊人, Jutes朱特人, Germanic/Teutonic日耳曼 people, came from Denmark and north Germany. (hp1,P3) The people of the 3 tribes were loosely called Anglo-Saxons, later English. They occupied England and formed the basis of the modern English race. They drove Celts to Wales, Scotland, Ireland. King Arthur was one of the Celtic leaders fighting against Germanic peoples (p4,5,P5;p1,2 P6) Later the Anglo-Saxons formed 7 kingdoms, which is called Heptarchy[heptɑ:k?]七王国 4. Anglo-Saxons 盎格鲁-撒克逊人(449-8th) Contributions The dialects spoken by Anglo-Saxons grew into a single language, Anglo-Saxon, which is now called old English, the basis of modern English. English literature began with the Anglo-Saxon’s settlement in England. The story, Beowulf[‘b??wulf]贝奥武夫, was brought from their homeland. The Anglo-Saxons brought with them their own Teutonic religion. Among the Anglo-Saxon Gods were Tiu(蒂乌)(the god of war), Woden(沃登)(king of heaven), Thor(托尔)(the god of Storms), and Freya(弗雷娅)(goddess of peace). The names Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday derive from these gods. But later they were converted to Roman Christianity. St. Augustine奥古斯汀 was the first Archbishop大主教 of Canterbury坎特伯雷. 英语星期的由来 Sunday： Sunday在古英文中的意思是suns day(属于太阳的日子)。 对基督徒而言, 星期日是「安息日」, 因为耶稣复活的日子是在星期日。约在公元三百年左右, 欧洲教会和政府当局开始明订星期日为休息的日子, 直到今日, 世界上大多数的国家都以Sunday为星期例假日。 Monday： 根据西方传说, Monday的意思是moon day(属于月亮的日子), 因为西方人把这一天献给月之女神。古时候西方人相信, 月的盈亏会影响农作物的生长, 也会影