外科学课件：泌尿系结石(英文版)-.pptVIP

Urolithiasis Epidemiology3:1 M:F (~7% men/ 3% women)3rd-5th decade most common (70%) Hereditary predisposition (RTA type 1, Hyper-parathyroidism, cysteinuria, milk-alkali syndrome, sarcoidosis, Crohns disease) EpidemiologyClimate (mountainous, desert, or tropical)Time of year (warmest three months) Lifestyle (sedentary)Medications: protease inhibitors, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, laxatives, triamterene Patient Characteristics16 year old comprise 7% of cases1:1 M:FCauses: metabolic abnormalities 50%, urological abnormalities 20%, infection 15%, immobilization 5%1/3 have recurrence within 1