中英拟声词的任意性.docxVIP

中英拟声词的任意性 Definition Onomatopoetic words: (of words)formed in imitation of a natural sound 拟声词又叫象声词，是某种特定语言中用来模拟自然或人为声音而形成的词项。 Arbitrariness is a term given to choices and actions subject to individual will,judgment or preference,based solely upon an individuals opinion or discretion. 语言具有任意性，语言符号的形式与其表示的意义没有天然的联系，即同一事物在不同语言中会有不同的发音。 Onomatopoeia is a very important lexical and language phenomenon in both Chinese and English.But because of the different language formations and thinking ways,there are many similarities and differences of onomatopoeia in the two languages.It will help us to grasp this figurative speech to research the onomatopoeia and to compare and analyze their similarities and differences,thus promoting our translation work. 拟声词在英语和汉语中都是非常重要的词汇和语言现象，但是由于语言结构和思维方式的差别，英汉拟声词有着诸多的异同。研究英、汉语拟声词，比较分析它们的共性和个性，有助于我们更好地掌握这种辞格，并能对翻译工作起到促进作用 About the Animals 公鸡(cock)crow 母鸡(hen)cackle.cluck 小鸡(chicken)cheep 火鸡(turkey)gobble 鸭(duck)quack 鹅(goose)cackle,hiss,creak,gaggle 鸽子(dove,pigeon)coo,crood,.croud,croodle, 鹌鹑(quail)curkle 狮子(lion)roar,howl; 鸠(stock-dove)murmur 老虎(tiger)roar,howl; 斑鸠(turtle-dove)wail 豹子(panther)howl 天鹅(swan)chant,cry 大象(elephant)trumpet, 豺(jackal)howl 狼(wolf)howl 狗(dog)bark,yap,yelp,bay,howl,growl,snarl,whine 狐狸(fox)bark, 猫(cat)mew,miaow,miau,meow, About Objects 1、金属磕碰声当啷clank,clang 2、金属、瓷器连续撞击声丁零当啷jingle,.jangle,cling-clang 3、雨点敲击房顶噼里啪啦patter 4、鼓声、敲门声咚咚rub-adub,rat-tat,rat-a-tat 5、脆响的（关门）声吧嗒Cik 6、敲打木头声梆梆rat-tat,rat-at 7、重物落下声咕咚thud,splash,plump 8、东西倾倒声哗啦crash,clank 9、风吹动树枝叶声飒飒sough,rustle 1o、树枝等折断声嘎巴crack,snap Others AIgh!表示极度的沮丧和失望. Ahem!唤起注意 Alas!遗憾，悲痛，不幸 Bah!轻蔑，厌恶 Brrr!寒冷 Blah!咳！表示不喜欢，不赞成. Boom!碰！形容巨响. Crash!哗啦一声，形容物体相撞的声音. Darn!(Darn it!)愤怒，失望 Eww!呦！尝到，闻到或看到令人反感的东西时的反应 For goodness sake!惊奇，害怕 Gad!惊奇，不赞同 Geez！天哪.表示气愤和难以置信.此为感叹词Jesus的委婉说法 Gosh！哎呀！表惊讶 Gup！不好！糟了！表示坏事即将发生.说这个词时，通常很小声. 拟声词的常见三种翻译处理方法 一、译为汉语对应的拟声词，有的译为独词句，有的译为动词或名词的辅助成分。 E.g.Crack!The stick broke in two.喀嚓！棒子断为两截。 二、有时可以将英文的拟声词译为汉语中较为抽象的的叫，声”，有的则直叙其动作 E.g.The cock in the yard