制革概论第二章(英文版)课件.pptxVIP

Chapter 2 Modern Beamhouse Procedures -soaking, unhairing and Liming 2.1 Soaking The purposes of soaking Soaking process: salted hides, fresh hides and dried hides Checking the end of soaking;2.2 Unhairing 1. Unhairing (1) HAIR-SAVING-unhairing system 1-1 Sodium sulfide painting system 1-2 Enzymatic unhairing system Enzymatic painting system Enzymatic drum system (2) HAIR-BURNING-unhairing system;2.3 Liming The purposes of liming Liming operations Checking the end of Liming process;The history of beamhouse;Beam;Beamhouse Refers to the process in the tannery between the removal of the skins or hides from storage and their preparation for tanning. In the opinion of most practical tanners: Leather is made in the beamhouse;beamhouse;8;2.1 Soaking;Removal of: preserving salts dirt and blood unstructured proteins and proteoglycans Loosen of : epidermal structures subcutis Opening up the fibres Preparation of the hide for the subsequent process;2. Conditions of soaking;Infectious animal diseases: Anthrax Hoof and mouth disease;(2) Temperature;(3)Additives;Salt or appropriate alkali Salt in the soak: aids in the removal of globular proteins and in disinfecting the soak solution. Bactericide Limiting the growth of organisms or killing the bacteria.;Enzymatic soaking/degreasing agent Surfactant/emulsifier Enzymatic soaking agents: will further accelerate soaking by use of specific proteolytic preparations to safely digest the non- structured proteins and proteoglycans. For a very fatty raw skin, such as pig, and sheep, choice of degreasing agents (emulsifiers) to remove fat. Deposits of fat will lead to poor penetration of liming agents, and subsequent areas of scud and drawn grain.;(4). Water Salted hides: The liquor ratio is such that the quantity of water is low, the salt washed out from the cured hide is generally sufficient to maintain salt concentrations at a proper level for effective removal of some of the soluble protein. Dry hides: Addition of salt will be used to