2023年中考英语非谓语动词分词课件.pptxVIP

1.分词的定义 分词就是具有动词及形容词二者特征的词，分 词分为现在分词(v-ing)和过去分词(v-ed)两种，是 一种非谓语动词形式。 *现在分词表示“主动和进行” *过去分词表示“被动和完成” (不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动，只表示完成)。 — — 2.分词在句中可作以下成分 02 04 01 03 宾补 表语 定语 状语 Part 01 分词做表语 → 1.分词做表语跟在系动词之后 分词做表语， 一般跟在这几类系动词后面。 (1)现在分词做表语一般表主动或主语的性质和特征。 含有“令人….”的意思。主 语多数为物。常见的有： exciting,interesting,disappointing,encouraging,puzzling, missing,surprising,confusing,amusing,charming,astonishing,shocking 等 ①The news sounds encouraging. ②That book was rather boring. ③ The show is very amusing. ④His response to the question was quite disappointing (2)过去分词做表语一般表示被动或主语所处的状态。 含有“感到….”的意思。 主语多数情况是人。 ①His father seems pleased with his results. ②She felt confused,and even frightened. ③Im satisfied with your answer. ④I felt disappointed at his response. 2.做表语的过去分词与被动语态中的过去分词的区别 P (1)be+ 过去分词， 如果表示状态是系表结构； 如果表示被动的动作是被动语态 The window is broken. (系表) The window was broken by the boy. (被动) (1)作表语的现在分词表示主语的特征和性质。 The situation in our country is encouraging. (2)进行时态中的分词表示主语正在进行的动作。 The situation in our country is encouraging the people. 在分词作表语的结构中，可以用其它系动词来代替 be, 但在进 行结构中，则不可以。因为进行时的句型必须是be+doing。 3.作表语的现在分词和进行时态的现在分词的区别 4.分词、动名词和不定式作表语的区别 (1)分词作表语主要是表示主语的特点和所处的状态，主语和表语的 位置不可以互换。 The film is disappointing. We are disappointed with the film. This storybook is very interesting. I am very interested in this story. (2)动名词和不定式作表语主要是表示主语的具体内容。主语和表语的位置常常 可以互换。 计 址 Part 02 分词做定语 → 1.分词充当定语可转换成定语从句 (1)现在分词作定语时，表示进行和主动， 一般可转换为定语从句。 ① The man watering the flowers is her husband. The man who is watering the flowers is her husband. ② The dog playing with the ball is mine. The dog that is playing with the ball is mine. The question being discussed is very important. =The question that is being discussed is very important. Do you know the boy being punished by our teacher? =Do you know the boy who is being punished by our teacher? *如果一个及物动词作定语，既要表达进行意味，又要表达被动意味时，用being done 形式。 (2)及物动词的过去分词作定语用来表示被 动，可改为带被动语态的定语从句 ① I found it hard to understand the English spoken by native speakers.