精选手卫生依从性监测方法介绍讲义.pptVIP

*您能否举出在每天实际操作中会遇到的一些洗手指征？直接接触的情况：握手，抚摸孩童的额头搀扶病患移动为病人戴氧气面罩，进行物理疗法把脉、测血压、胸部听诊、腹部触诊，记录ECG*进行无菌操作的情况：帮助病人清洁口腔、滴眼药水清洁创面、伤口换药、皮下注射静脉插管、导尿管插管准备食物，配药*接触病人的体液：清洁病人口腔，滴眼药水，帮助排泄清理创面，换药，皮下注射插管或拔管清理尿液、粪便、呕吐物，和操作一些污染物（绷带、餐巾、尿垫），清洁可见的固体污染物（床单、厕所、尿盆、便盆和医疗设备）*直接接触：*接触病人的环境：在病人下床时换床单调节灌注速度监测仪报警扶床把手，依靠床边，或床边桌清洁床边桌*healthcareactivitymaybedescribedasasuccessionoftasksduringwhichhealth-careworkershandstouchdifferenttypesofsurfaces:thepatient,his/herbodyfluids,objectsorsurfaceslocatedinthepatientsurroundingsandpatientsandsurfaceswithinthehealth-carearea.Eachcontactisapotentialsourceofcontaminationforhealth-careworkershands.Elementsorareasthatareinvolvedinhandtransmissionofhealthcare-associatedgerms:PATIENT:thetransmissionriskisespeciallyrelatedtocriticalsites.CriticalsitescaneithercorrespondtobodysitesormedicaldevicesthathavetobeprotectedagainstmicroorganismspotentiallyleadingtoHCAI(calledcriticalsiteswithinfectiousriskforthepatient),orbodysitesormedicaldevicesthatpotentiallyleadtohandexposuretobodyfluidsandbloodbornepathogens(calledcriticalsiteswithbodyfluidexposurerisk).Bothpre-citedrisksmayalsooccursimultaneously.Criticalsitewithinfectiousriskforthepatient:wherethereisariskofgermsbeinginoculatedintothepatientduringacareactivitythroughcontactwithamucousmembrane,non-intactskinoraninvasivemedicaldevice.Criticalsitewithinfectiousriskforthehealth-careworker:wherethereisariskofpotentialoractualexposuretoapatient’sbloodoranotherbodyfluidforthehealth-careworker.PATIENTSURROUNDINGS:spacetemporarelydedicatedtoapatient,includingallinanimatesurfacesthataretouchedbyorindirectphysicalcontactwiththepatient(e.g.bedrails,bedsidetable,bedlinen,cHCAIrs,infusiontubing,monitors,knobsandbuttons,andothermedicalequipment).health-car