力热光27thermal热力学第一定律.pdfVIP

1.TheFirstLawofThermodynamics

EintQ+W

2.CalculateE,W,Qforidealgas

(1)E

i

•Directmethod：RTCT

EVm

2

•Indirectmethod:E=Q+W→E

(2)WV

2

•Directmethod:W−PdV

V

1

constantV：W0

V

const.P：W−2PdV−P(V−V)−RT

21

V

1

V2V2RT

const.T：W−V1PdV−V1VdV

VP1

2−RTln

−RTln

V1P2

•Indirectmethod:

E=W+Q→WP1

2

•FindareaunderthecurveonaPV

diagramV

(3)Q

Q=CT

•Directmethod:

Isovolumetric(C):QCT

VVV

QVi

CVR

T2

Isobaric(C)：

PQCT

PP

CP