新编简明英语语言学教程 第二版 .docxVIP

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Chapter1:Introduction

Linguistics:语言学Itisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.

(Linguisticsstudiesnotanyparticularlanguage,butitstudieslanguageingeneral)

Generallinguistics:普通语言学Thestudyoflanguageasawholeiscalledgenerallinguistics.

(languageisacomplicatedentitywithmultiplelayersandfacets)

Language: Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used forhumancommunication.

descriptive(描述性):Alinguisticstudyaimstodescribeandanalyzethelanguagepeopleactuallyuse.

prescriptive(规定性):Itaimstolaydownrulesfor“correctand