语言学-lexical-change可编辑.pptxVIP

;3.4WordFormation：LexicalChange;WordFormation：LexicalChange;3.4wordformation(2):LexicalChangeProper;(1)Invention

发明法;Technologicalandeconomicactivitiesarethemostimportantanddynamicinmodernhumanlife,manynewlexicalitemscomedirectlyfromthem,suchasKodak,Coke,nylon,XerosFrigidaire,granola,andotherstosatisfythenewsituations.;(2)Blending

混成法;Blendingisarelativelycomplexformofcompounding,inwhichtwowordsareblendedbyjoiningtogethertheinitialpartofthefirstwordandthefinalpartofthesecondword,orbyonlyjoiningtheinitialpartsofthetwowords.Forexample,

;Ex.3-18

ⅰ.transfer＋resister→transistor（晶体管）

smoke＋fog smog（烟雾）

boat＋hotel boatel（水上旅馆）

breakfast＋lunch brunch（早午餐）

television＋broadcast telecast（电视广播）

cremated＋remains cremains（骨灰）

ⅱ.teleprinter＋exchange→telex（电报，电传打字机）

modulator＋demodulator modem（调制解调器）

analog＋computer anacom（分析计算机）

digital＋computer digicom（数码计算机）

insulating＋lacquer insulac（绝缘材料）;Blendingcanalsooccurathighcognitivelevel.FromthesimilarityinthetwoexpressionShewasonthevergeofacrackupandShewasonthevergeofbreakdown,theconfusionofcrackupandbreakdownleadstothecoiningofcrackdown.Thesameistrueofriffle(ripple+shuffle),stample(trample+stampon),andspinwheels(pinwheel+spin).ThissortofblendingiscalledFUSIONinparticular.;(3)Abbreviation

（缩写词）;Whatisabbreviation?;History;;;;;Syllabicabbreviation

(音节缩写);;(4)Acronym

(首字母缩略词);Examples:;Thisprocessisalsowidelyusedinextremelylongwordsofwordgroupsinscience,technologyandotherspecialfields.;Inaword,itnotonlycanmakelanguageconcise,butveryvividaswell.

;(5)Back-formation;概念？;动手划起来;维基百科解释;

televisiontelevise(delete-ion)

editoredit

calmativecalm

ganglinggangle;n.