室内空气质量检测系统硬件的设计与实现.docVIP

北京理工大学珠海学院2020届本科生毕业设计

摘要

本次设计一款以STC89C52单片机为核心，运用Proteus和AltiumDesigner设计一款室内空气质量检测系统，该系统包含主芯片模块、气体检测模块、人机交互模块、报警模块、远距离传输模块，该系统具有同时检测室内的温湿度、CO浓度、甲醛浓度、甲烷浓度、PM2.5指数。并通过液晶显示屏实时显示出来，当室内空气中的检测气体浓度超过报警值时，检测装置通过亮指示灯和蜂鸣器报警的方式来提醒用户室内有害气体超标，还可以通过GSM模块短信方式将室内空气质量信息发送到移动端。

本次设计使用了AD转换器，采用两个AD转换器，将CO浓度传感器、甲醛浓度传感器、甲烷浓度传感器、PM2.5传感器这四种传感器检测到的气体浓度的测量信号转换为单片机所需的数字量信号，同时在测量气体浓度的基础上加以改进，添加了额外芯片，用来搭载GSM模块，使空气质量检测系统拥有实时远程报警的功能，让本系统报警速度更快。

关键词：室内空气质量；实时监测；硬件设计；GSM模块

北京理工大学珠海学院2020届本科生毕业设计

DesignandImplementationofHardwareforIndoorAirQualityDetectionSystem

Abstract

ThisdesigntakesSTC89C52asthecore,andusesProteusandAltiumdesignertodesignanindoorairqualitydetectionsystem,whichincludesmainchipmodule,gasdetectionmodule,human-computerinteractionmodule,alarmmoduleandlong-distancetransmissionmodule.Thesystemhasthefunctionofsimultaneouslydetectingindoortemperatureandhumidity,COconcentration,formaldehydeconcentration,methaneconcentrationandPM2.5index.AndthroughtheLCDreal-timedisplay,whenthedetectiongasconcentrationintheindoorairexceedsthealarmvalue,thedetectiondevicewillalerttheuserthattheindoorharmfulgasexceedsthestandardbylightingtheindicatorlightandbuzzeralarm,andalsocansendtheindoorairqualityinformationtothemobileterminalthroughtheGSMmoduleSMS.

Inthisdesign,ADconverterisused,andtwoADconvertersareusedtoconvertthemeasurementsignalsofgasconcentrationdetectedbyCOconcentrationsensor,formaldehydeconcentrationsensor,methaneconcentrationsensorandPM2.5sensorintothedigitalsignalsrequiredbysinglechipmicrocomputer.Atthesametime,basedonthemeasurementofgasconcentration,anadditionalchipisaddedtocarryGSMmoduleTheairqualitydetectionsystemhasthefunctionofreal-timeremotealarm,whichmakesthesystemalarmfaster.

Keywords:Indoorairquality;realtimemonitoring;hardwaredesign;GSMmodule