高水头水轮机主要部件振动研究的中期报告.docxVIP

高水头水轮机主要部件振动研究的中期报告

高水头水轮机主要部件振动研究的中期报告

摘要

本文介绍了高水头水轮机主要部件振动研究的中期结果。通过实验验证和有限元模拟分析，研究了高水头水轮机转轮、导叶、定子和机壳的振动特性，并探讨了振动原因和控制措施。

实验结果表明，高水头水轮机转轮、导叶、定子和机壳的振动主要受到水力脉动和转子失衡等因素的影响。其中，水力脉动是导致转轮、导叶和定子振动的主要原因，转子失衡则是导致机壳振动的主要原因。针对这些问题，本文提出了相应的控制措施，包括改善导叶形状、优化转轮叶片结构、增加转子平衡精度等。

有限元模拟分析结果表明，改善导叶形状可以显著降低导叶振动幅值和应力水平；优化转轮叶片结构可以降低转轮振动幅值和振动频率；增加转子平衡精度可以减小机壳振动幅值和振动频率。

关键词：高水头水轮机；振动；水力脉动；转子失衡；控制措施；有限元模拟分析

Abstract

Thispaperpresentsthemid-termresultsofthestudyonthevibrationofmajorcomponentsofahigh-headhydraulicturbine.Thevibrationcharacteristicsoftherunner,guidevanes,statorandcasingofthehigh-headhydraulicturbinewerestudiedthroughexperimentalverificationandfiniteelementsimulationanalysis,andthecausesofvibrationandcontrolmeasureswereexplored.

Theexperimentalresultsshowthatthevibrationoftherunner,guidevanes,statorandcasingofthehigh-headhydraulicturbineismainlyinfluencedbyhydraulicpulsationandrotorunbalance.Amongthem,hydraulicpulsationisthemaincauseofvibrationoftherunner,guidevanesandstator,whilerotorunbalanceisthemaincauseofvibrationofthecasing.Toaddresstheseissues,thispaperproposescorrespondingcontrolmeasures,includingimprovingtheshapeoftheguidevanes,optimizingthestructureoftherunnerblades,andincreasingtherotorbalancingaccuracy.

Thefiniteelementsimulationanalysisresultsshowthatimprovingtheshapeoftheguidevanescansignificantlyreducethevibrationamplitudeandstressleveloftheguidevanes;optimizingthestructureoftherunnerbladescanreducethevibrationamplitudeandfrequencyoftherunner;andincreasingtherotorbalancingaccuracycanreducethevibrationamplitudeandfrequencyofthecasing.

Keywords:high-headhydraulicturbine;vibration;hydraulicpulsation;rotorunbalance;controlmeasures;finiteelementsimulationanalysis