第四章-线性规划.ppt

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第四章-线性规划.ppt

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Chapter4LinearProgramming

1.IntroductionManymanagementdecisionissuestoseekthefirm’sobjectivesubjecttosomeconstraintscanbesolvedbyMathematicalProgrammingMathematicalProgrammingisasetoftechniquesoffindingasolutionwhichoptimizesthecertainobjective(s)undergivenconstraints.

LinearProgrammingonecategoryofthetechniquesunderthebannerofMathematicalProgramming.

CommonPropertiesofMathematicalProgrammingProblemsAllMPproblemshavethreepropertiesincommon:SeektomaximizeorminimizesomequantityWerefertothemathematicalexpressionofthisquantityastheobjectivefunction.GetsomerestrictionsorconstraintsTheylimitthedegreetowhichwecanpursueourobjective.SeveralalternativecoursesofactiontochoosefromIftherewerenoalternativestoselectfrom,wewouldnotneedMP.

IfthefourthpropertyalsoexistsAmathematicalprogrammingproblembecomesalinearprogrammingproblem.ThefourthpropertyAllobjectiveandconstraintsareexpressedintermsoflinearequationsorinequalities.Inthischapter,wearegoingtodiscussthelinearprogramming.

2.FormulatingLPProblemExample:TheFlairFurnitureCompanyTheFlairFurnitureCompanyproducesinexpensivetablesandchairs.Theproductionprocessforeachissimilarinthatbothrequireacertainnumberofhoursofcarpentryworkandacertainnumberoflaborhoursinthepaintingandvarnishingdepartment.Eachtabletakes4hoursofcarpentryand2hoursinthepaintingandvarnishingshop.Eachchairrequires3hoursincarpentryand1hourinpaintingandvarnishing.Duringthecurrentproductionperiod,240hoursofcarpentrytimeareavailableand100hoursofpainting/varnishingdepartmenttimeareavailable.Eachtablesoldyieldsaprofitof$7;eachchairproducedmaybesoldfora$5profit.Theproblemis:todeterminethebestpossiblecombinationoftablesandchairstomanufactureinordertoreachthemaximumprofit.

ProductResourceTableChairli

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