大学英语语言学之转喻.pptVIP

转喻/借代OutlineDefinitionofmetonymyExamplesofmetonymyFunctionsofmetonymyCharacteristicsofmetonymy

Metonymy转喻SynonymsDefinitionFeaturesFunctionsApplianceMetonymy:thesubstitutionofthenameofonethingforthatofanotherwithwhichitiscloselyassociated.借代是用一事物的名称来代替另一事物（即借彼代此），而这一事物与另一事物紧密关联。Grayhairsshouldberespected.GrayhairssubstitutestheoldpeopleThepenismightierthanthesword.Pensubstitutesthepeoplewhousepenandswordsubstitutesthepeoplewhousethesword.借代的作用是使听者或读者不仅知道所写的是什么，而且还能唤起所说事物的特征，给人留下深刻的印象。通过联想达到生动形象，幽默诙谐、言简意赅的语言效果。转喻具有以下几个特点：1.甲事物与乙事物不相类似；2.甲事物与乙事物有不可分离的关系；3.乙事物的名称来代替甲事物。Metonymy换喻或借代:thesubstitutionofthenameofonethingforthatofanotherwithwhichitiscloselyassociated.Synecdoche提喻:Whenapartissubstitutedforthewholeorthewholeissubstitutedforapart.Metaphor暗喻：afigureofspeechinwhichatermorphraseisappliedtosomethingtowhichitisnotliterallyapplicableinordertosuggestaresemblance,asin“Amightyfortressisourgod.”Simile明喻：afigureofspeechinwhichtwounlikethingsareexplicitlycompared,asin“sheislikearose.”Exercise：RecognizethefiguresofspeechinthefollowingsentencesHeistoofondofthebottles.2.Outsidethewindiscuttingthrough.3.Herfaceislikearose.4.ThereisamixtureofthetigerandtheapeinthecharacterofaFrenchman.metonymymetaphorsimilesynecdoche5.Hiseldersisterwentonthestage;theyoungeronehadtakentheveil.6.MoscowandWashingtonwillholdtalksonthsesquestions.7.Shehasaheartofstone.8.Iaskthechairtoreadthenamesignedtothatpaper.metonymysynecdochemetaphormetonymy借代的运用范围极其的广泛，1.在生活中的运用2.在政治中的运用3.在文学中的运用4.在广告中的运用5.有关吃的转喻以容器代内容Afterherhusbandlefther,Wendytooktothebottle温迪丈夫抛弃后开始酗酒。用人体器官/部位代作用Thelackofcohesionoft