微机原理及实验.pdfVIP

Theoryandapplicationofmicrocomputer

1.Thiscourseismainlyabouttheinternalstructureofamicrocompund

someimportantconceptsaboutmicrocomputers.Therearemanykindsof

microcomputers,andwemainlylearnedMCS-51single-chipcomputer.

Fundamentalcharacteristic:highlyintegrated,simplestructure,highreliability,strong

functiontocontrol,cheapflexibleusage.

2.Structureandworkingprinciples

a.Makeup:CPU,timercircuit,ReadOnlyMemory,RandomAccessMemory,

TimerandCounter,ShuntconnectInput/output,串行口,interruptcontrol

system.

b.Internalstructureandfunctions:operator运算器(Arithmeticlogicunit

算术逻辑单元,Accumulator累加器,register寄存器,ProgramStatus

Word),controller控制器(ProgramCounter,DPTR)assemblelangusge

(汇编语言)

3.Internalstructureandfunctions:operator运算器(Arithmeticlogicunit

算术逻辑单元,Accumulator累加器,register寄存器,ProgramStatus

Word),controller控制器(ProgramCounter,DPTR)

4.

5.（1）、AMCS-51single-chipcomputermainlyconsistsofcentralprocessing

unit,Random-accessmemory,Read-onlymemory,Input/Outputinterface,

Timer,andInterruptsystem

6.Acentralprocessingunit(CPU):isanelectroniccircuitthatcanexecute

computerprograms.

7.ARandom-accessmemory(RAM):isaformofcomputerdatastorage.It’s

usuallyusedtostoredata,itcanbothreadandwrite.Butwhenthe

machineispoweroff,datainaRAMwilldisappear.

8.ARead-onlymemory(ROM):istheotherkindofcomputerdatastorage.

It’salwaysusedtostoreprograms.DatastoredinROMusuallycannotbe

modified.

9.Input/Outputinterface:isaintegratedcircuitbywhichthecomputercan

exchangeinformationwiththeexternaldevices.

10.Timerorcounter:isaspecializedtypeofclock..itcanbeusedtocontrol

thesequenceofaneventorprocess.

11.Interruptsystem